Community structural differences shape microbial responses to high molecular weight organic matter

Balmonte, John Paul; Buckley, Andrew; Hoarfrost, Adrienne; Ghobrial, Sherif; Ziervogel, Kai; Teske, Andreas; Arnosti, Carol

doi:10.1111/1462-2920.14485

Cited by 43 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…This implies that differences in microbial community composition will result in variations in carbon remineralization rates independent of environmental conditions. For example, the addition of high‐molecular weight DOM to seawater mesocosms prepared from distinct water masses led to increased extracellular hydrolytic activity as well as growth of 'rare' OTUs (Balmonte et al ., ). Moreover, the spectrum of active enzymes detected in these mesocosms varied considerably, which suggested that the substrates that would have been consumed also differed among communities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Illuminating microbial species‐specific effects on organic matter remineralization in marine sediments

Mahmoudi

Enke

Beaupré

et al. 2019

Environmental Microbiology

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Marine microorganisms play a fundamental role in the global carbon cycle by mediating the sequestration of organic matter in ocean waters and sediments. A better understanding of how biological factors, such as microbial community composition, influence the lability and fate of organic matter is needed. Here, we explored the extent to which organic matter remineralization is influenced by species-specific metabolic capabilities. We carried out aerobic time-series incubations of Guaymas Basin sediments to quantify the dynamics of carbon utilization by two different heterotrophic marine isolates (Vibrio splendidus 1A01; Pseudoalteromonas sp. 3D05). Continuous measurement of respiratory CO 2 production and its carbon isotopic compositions ( 13 C and 14 C) shows species-specific differences in the rate, quantity and type of organic matter remineralized. Each species was incubated with hydrothermally-influenced versus unimpacted sediments, resulting in a~2-fold difference in respiratory CO 2 yield across the experiments. Genomic analysis indicated that the observed carbon utilization patterns may be attributed in part to the number of gene copies encoding for extracellular hydrolytic enzymes. Our results demonstrate that the lability and remineralization of organic matter in marine environments is not only a function of chemical composition and/or environmental conditions, but also a function of the microorganisms that are present and active.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Illuminating microbial species‐specific effects on organic matter remineralization in marine sediments

Mahmoudi

Enke

Beaupré

et al. 2019

Environmental Microbiology

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“…Differential longterm responses of the microbial communities in Stn. 4 surface and bottom waters to amendment with HMW DOM (Balmonte et al, 2019) indicate that these distinct water masses also have distinct microbial community structure and function, with differing potential impacts on the carbon cycle. These patterns in functional biogeography mirror biogeographical patterns in microbial community composition (Fuhrman et al, 2008;Zinger et al, 2011;Ladau et al, 2013;Nelson et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gulf Stream Ring Water Intrusion on the Mid-Atlantic Bight Continental Shelf Break Affects Microbially Driven Carbon Cycling

et al. 2019

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Warm core, anticyclonic rings that spin off from the Gulf Stream circulate through the region directly offshore of the Mid-Atlantic Bight. If a warm core ring reaches the continental shelf break, its warm, highly saline water may subduct under cooler, fresher continental shelf surface water, resulting in subsurface waters at the shelf break and over the upper continental slope with high temperatures and salinities and distinct physical and chemical properties characteristic of Gulf Stream water. Such intruding water may also have microbial communities with distinct functional capacities, which may in turn affect the rate and nature of carbon cycling in this coastal/shelf environment. However, the functional capabilities of microbial communities within ring intrusion waters relative to surrounding continental shelf waters are largely unexplored. We investigated microbial community capacity to initiate organic matter remineralization by measuring hydrolysis of a suite of polysaccharide, peptide, and glucose substrates along a transect oriented across the Mid-Atlantic Bight shelf, shelf break, and upper slope. At the outermost sampling site, warm and salty water derived from a Gulf Stream warm core ring was present in the lower portion of the water column. This water exhibited hydrolytic capacities distinct from other sampling sites, and exhibited lower heterotrophic bacterial productivity overall. Warm core rings adjacent to the Mid-Atlantic Bight shelf have increased in frequency and duration in recent years. As the influence of warm core rings on the continental shelf and slope increases in the future, the rate and nature of organic matter remineralization on the continental shelf may also shift.

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“…Glucosidase activities were measured using the following methylumbelliferyl (MUF)-labelled compounds: α-glucopyranoside (α-glu) and β-glucopyranoside (β-glu). Whereas Leu, α-glu, and β-glu have been used in a wide range of environmental settings, substrate proxies measuring chymotrypsin and trypsin activities have been used only in a limited number of systems (e.g., Arnosti, 2015;Balmonte et al 2019;Balmonte et al 2020;Bong et al 2013;Obayashi and Suzuki, 2005;Steen and Arnosti, 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sea Change in Microbial Enzymes: Heterogeneous latitudinal and depth-related gradients in bulk water and particle-associated enzymatic activities from 30°S to 59°N in the Pacific Ocean

Balmonte

Simon

Giebel

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Heterotrophic microbes initiate organic matter degradation using extracellular enzymes. Our understanding of differences in microbial enzymatic capabilities, especially among particle-associated taxa and in the deep ocean, is limited by a paucity of hydrolytic enzyme activity measurements. Here, we measured the activities of a broad range of hydrolytic enzymes (glucosidases, peptidases, polysaccharide hydrolases) in epipelagic to bathypelagic bulk water (non-size fractionated), and on particles (≥3 μm) along a 9,800 km latitudinal transect from 30°S in the South Pacific to 59°N in the Bering Sea. Individual enzyme activities showed heterogeneous latitudinal and depth-related patterns, with varying biotic and abiotic correlates. With increasing latitude and decreasing temperature, lower laminarinase activities sharply contrasted with higher leucine aminopeptidase (leu-AMP) and chondroitin sulfate hydrolase activities in bulk water. Endopeptidases (chymotrypsins, trypsins) exhibited patchy spatial patterns, and their activities can exceed rates of the widely-measured exopeptidase, leu-AMP. Compared to bulk water, particle-associated enzymatic profiles featured a greater relative importance of endopeptidases, a broader spectrum of polysaccharide hydrolases, and latitudinal and depth-related trends that paralleled variations in particle fluxes. As water depth increased, enzymatic spectra on particles and in bulk water became narrower, and diverged more from one another. These distinct latitudinal and depth-related gradients of enzymatic activities underscore the biogeochemical consequences of emerging global patterns of microbial community structure and function, from surface to deep waters, and among particle-associated taxa.

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Community structural differences shape microbial responses to high molecular weight organic matter

Cited by 43 publications

References 68 publications

Illuminating microbial species‐specific effects on organic matter remineralization in marine sediments

Illuminating microbial species‐specific effects on organic matter remineralization in marine sediments

Gulf Stream Ring Water Intrusion on the Mid-Atlantic Bight Continental Shelf Break Affects Microbially Driven Carbon Cycling

A Sea Change in Microbial Enzymes: Heterogeneous latitudinal and depth-related gradients in bulk water and particle-associated enzymatic activities from 30°S to 59°N in the Pacific Ocean

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