Community treatment orders in New Zealand: regional variability and international comparisons

O’Brien, Anthony

doi:10.1177/1039856214531080

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In England and Wales CTOs came into law in 2007 and clinical practice in 2008. Despite a lack of evidence supporting their effectiveness, their use continues to rise [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community treatment orders and social outcomes for patients with psychosis: a 48-month follow-up study

Vergunst

Rugkåsa

Koshiaris

et al. 2017

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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“…In England and Wales CTOs came into law in 2007 and clinical practice in 2008. Despite a lack of evidence supporting their effectiveness, their use continues to rise [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community treatment orders and social outcomes for patients with psychosis: a 48-month follow-up study

Vergunst

Rugkåsa

Koshiaris

et al. 2017

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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“…Both incidence and prevalence rates of OC increased over the first two to three years of the study period, after which both rates decreased. This was a somewhat surprising finding, as the general impression is that OC has been constantly increasing in recent years, both in Norway and internationally [8, 11, 13, 14]. Unfortunately, as there are no national statistics in Norway reporting OC incidence and prevalence rates on a regular basis, it is impossible to compare the rates found in Northern Norway to national statistics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients on outpatient commitment orders in Northern Norway

2017

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BackgroundIn recent years, an increasing number of countries have introduced outpatient commitment orders (OC), which imply that patients can be subject to compulsory follow-up and treatment while living in the community. However, few studies on how OC is practised have been published.MethodRetrospective case register study based on medical files of all patients receiving an OC order in 2008–2012. We used a pre/post design, recording the use of inpatient services three years before and three years after for those patients who received their first ever OC order in 2008 and 2009.ResultsA total of 345 OC orders applying to 286 persons were identified in the study period 2008–2012. Incidence and prevalence rates were relatively stable, but decreased during the last years of the study period. For all the 54 patients receiving their first ever OC order in 2008 and 2009, need for treatment was the reason for imposing OC, and all received psychotropic medication. The number of inpatient admissions and inpatient days was greater, while the number of days for each admission was lower three years after the OC order than three years before. The first ever OC lasted under a year for 76% of the patients. Receiving depot medication and follow-up by psychiatrists predicted longer OC durations than such treatment and care by psychologists. Only nine patients were not hospitalized during the three-year follow-up after the first ever OC order.ConclusionPatients on first ever OC orders in Northern Norway used inpatient services more after OC orders than before. Further studies are needed to explore whether increased use of inpatient services by OC patients is beneficial or a failure of OC.

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“…This rose steadily year-on-year from 919 in 1992 to 2260 in 2000. Increases have also been reported elsewhere such as New Zealand (O'Brien, 2014), Ontario (Malatest, 2013) and England (Manning et al, 2011;Health and Social Care Information Centre, 2013). Descriptive and comparative studies indicate that patients are younger males, with a long history of mental illness, many previous admissions, and a diagnosis of non-affective psychosis or serious affective disorder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Changes in determinants of compulsory community treatment over 11 years. A population-based analysis of linked mental health databases

Kisely

Xiao

Jian

2015

Psychiatry Research

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Changes in determinants of compulsory community treatment over 11 years. A populationbased analysis of linked mental health databases, Psychiatry Research, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres. 2015.09.027 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. were used to further examine potential predictors of a CTO. The incidence of CTOs, and the characteristics of patients placed on these orders, showed little change over 11 years. They tended to be younger and male with schizophrenia or other non-affective psychotic disorders.Previous health service use as an inpatient or outpatient also predicted compulsory community treatment. Psychiatrists in Western Australia appear to be applying community treatment orders to similar types of patient as elsewhere, but unlike other jurisdictions, use has not increased. We need further research to establish the relative contribution of patient characteristics, legislation and service setting toward the use and outcome of CTOs.

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Community treatment orders in New Zealand: regional variability and international comparisons

Cited by 29 publications

References 28 publications

Community treatment orders and social outcomes for patients with psychosis: a 48-month follow-up study

Community treatment orders and social outcomes for patients with psychosis: a 48-month follow-up study

Patients on outpatient commitment orders in Northern Norway

Changes in determinants of compulsory community treatment over 11 years. A population-based analysis of linked mental health databases

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