Commute mode diversity and income inequality: an inter-urban analysis of 148 midsize US cities

Frederick, Chad; Gilderbloom, John I.

doi:10.1080/13549839.2017.1385001

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Housing costs and job location are other crucial components of transport poverty [22]. In Western cities throughout the 1960s and 1970s, employment opportunities moved from city centers to peripheral 'edge cities' following the residential migration of the middle class.…”

Section: Summary Of Findings From the International Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Transport Poverty in Chinese Cities: A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2021

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The widening income gap in post-reform China has given rise to social inequality. Among those, transport poverty and inequality have significantly affected the daily life of low-income groups. While important, this is an under-researched topic in China. This gap in the academic literature is glaring given the country’s urbanization rates, sprawling cities and income differentials. Most previous studies have only focused on two aspects of transport poverty—job-housing imbalance and accessibility. A comprehensive understanding of the causes and impacts of transport inequality is currently lacking. Therefore, a systematic review of academic literature based on keywords relevant to transport poverty in China was conducted to provide a more complete assessment of the situation in Chinese cities. In total, 62 relevant studies were identified after close examination of the articles (including titles, abstracts, and full-texts). This set of articles allowed a number of general patterns to be identified. It was found that the most common causes of transport poverty include: a lack of access to private vehicles; uneven access to alternative transport options; inadequate public transport provision; jobs-housing imbalance; and the hukou system (a system of household registration which aims to regulate population distribution and rural-to-urban migration). The main impacts of transport poverty include: curtailed mobility and longer travel times; higher household expenditures on travel; reduced access to jobs and essential services; higher household expenditures on travel; and health and environmental issues.

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Section: Summary Of Findings From the International Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Transport Poverty in Chinese Cities: A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2021

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“…In return, citizens living in these cities tend to have a longer average lifespan (Frederick, 2017;Frederick et al, 2019;. A recent study by Tapsuwan et al (2018) found that accessibility and cleanliness, which includes being located near limited sources of pollution, rank high in individual preferences across all socioeconomic groups.…”

Section: Green Theory: Pollution and Walkabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study by Tapsuwan et al (2018) found that accessibility and cleanliness, which includes being located near limited sources of pollution, rank high in individual preferences across all socioeconomic groups. These cities also are more prosperous in terms of commerce and real estate with tech firms choosing these healthier places (Frederick, 2017;Frederick et al, 2019;.…”

Section: Green Theory: Pollution and Walkabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have noted residents in neighborhoods with higher levels of walkability have higher incidences of walking (Frank et al, 2019;McCormack & Shiell, 2011;Smith et al, 2017). Other studies have linked compact urban growth and increased land use mix to improved regional air quality through the reduction of transportation emissions (Frank & Engelke, 2005;Frederick, 2017;Stone et al, 2007).…”

Section: Green Theory: Pollution and Walkabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our sample of midsize cities follows the methodological and statistical reasoning (see Appelbaum, 1978;Appelbaum et al, 1976) and Molotch (1976) that addressed issues with both spatial lag and case selection concerns. They laid out a well-validated set of rules from the field of urban studies of inter-city rent analysis and later adapted by other researchers (Appelbaum, 1978;Gilderbloom, 2008;Gilderbloom & Appelbaum, 1987;Gilderbloom, Ye, et al, 2009;Molotch, 1976;Frederick, 2017;. The approach recognizes the variety of urban typologies in the United States and the challenges both methodologically and interpretive related to this diversity, especially those related to boundaries and scale.…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

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How inter-city rents are shaped by health considerations of pollution and walkability: A study of 146 mid-sized cities

Gilderbloom

Meares

2020

Journal of Urban Affairs

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The purpose of this study is to better understand the factors that shape variations in rent across midsize cities in the U.S. We empirically test several theories (economic, sociological, and green theory) to discover what is explaining these differences. Our approach compares 146 semi-isolated, medium-sized U.S. cities and regresses economic, green and social characteristics on the monthly median contract rent. Our results show weaknesses in the economic and sociological explanations with green characteristics adding greater explanatory power to what shapes inter-city rent differentials. Our results indicate that cities that are considered walkable and have lower pollution levels tend to have statistically significant higher rents-a finding which has implications for understanding rent variations and for planners and citizen groups who pursue more livable places. During an era of the great pandemic/COVID-19 health crisis, we believe that citizens will pay more rent for cities that are more walkable and have less pollution.

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Revisiting the gravity laws of inter-city mobility in megacity regions

Zhao

Zeng

et al. 2022

Sci. China Earth Sci.

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Inter-city mobility is one of the most important issues in the UN Sustainable Development Goals, as it is essential to access the regional labour market, goods and services, and to constrain the spread of infectious diseases. Although the gravity model has been proved to be an effective model to describe mobility among settlements, knowledge is still insufficient in regions where dozens of megacities interact closely and over 100 million people reside. In addition, the existing knowledge is limited to overall population mobility, while the difference in inter-city travel with different purposes is unexplored on such a large geographic scale. We revisited the gravity laws of inter-city mobility using the 2.12 billion trip chains recorded by 40.48 million mobile phone users’ trajectories in the Jing-Jin-Ji Region, which contains China’s capital Beijing. Firstly, unlike previous studies, we found that non-commuting rather than commuting is the dominant type of inter-city mobility (89.3%). Non-commuting travellers have a travel distance 42.3% longer than commuting travellers. Secondly, we developed more accurate gravity models for the spatial distribution of inter-city commuting and non-commuting travel. We also found that inter-city mobility has a hierarchical structure, as the distribution of inter-city travel volume follows Zipf’s law. In particular, the hierarchy of non-commuting travel volume among the cities is more in line with an ideal Zipf distribution than commuting travel. Our findings contribute to new knowledge on basic inter-city mobility laws, and they have significant applications for regional policies on human mobility.

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Commute mode diversity and income inequality: an inter-urban analysis of 148 midsize US cities

Cited by 19 publications

References 61 publications

Transport Poverty in Chinese Cities: A Systematic Literature Review

Transport Poverty in Chinese Cities: A Systematic Literature Review

How inter-city rents are shaped by health considerations of pollution and walkability: A study of 146 mid-sized cities

Revisiting the gravity laws of inter-city mobility in megacity regions

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