Comorbidity of axis I and axis II diagnoses in a sample of Egyptian patients with neurotic disorders

Okasha, Ahmed; Omar, Abdelnasser; Lotaief, Farouk; Ghanem, Mohamed; Dawla, A. Seif El; Okasha, Tarek

doi:10.1016/s0010-440x(96)90568-4

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The strong association of GAD with obsessive-compulsive and avoidant personality found in the present study confirms the results of a previous study by Mancuso et al [56]. A number of other studies also report a preponderance of obsessive-compulsive [57,58] or avoidant personality disorder [52,55] in GAD patients. Mavissakalian et al [52] speculated that GAD and avoidant personality are the basic clinical manifestations of a temperamental proneness to anxiety.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Psychiatric Comorbidity in Greek Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder

et al. 1999

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From a total sample of 1,448 psychiatric outpatients, 81 (5.6%) received a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) according to DSM-III-R criteria. Fifty-three (65%) of them had another Axis I diagnosis, while this percentage increased to 78% (63/81) when lifetime psychiatric diagnoses were recorded. The most frequent comorbid diagnoses were panic disorder, dysthymia, major depression and social phobia. Forty-three (53%) of the GAD patients met the criteria for personality disorder. They manifested obsessive-compulsive, avoidant personality and personalities of cluster C in general significantly more frequently than the rest of the total sample. The presence of a personality disorder was related to a significantly higher score on almost all the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory clinical and research scales, to a worse level of functioning and to an earlier age of onset of GAD. The results of the present study (1) support previous findings of high rates of comorbidity of clinical syndromes in GAD, (2) indicate that GAD co-occurs frequently with cluster C personality disorders, mainly avoidant and obsessive-compulsive, and (3) that the presence of a concomitant personality disorder is related to severer psychopathology and to a worse level of functioning.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Psychiatric Comorbidity in Greek Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder

et al. 1999

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“…[24] On a broader scale, Cluster C traits, especially avoidant and dependent traits, have been found to be related to anxiety disorders, especially panic disorder and agoraphobia. [25][26][27] SAD may be an early predictor of anxiety disorders or personality disorders. It has been reported that the severity of childhood SAD increases the risk of anxious-fearful personality disorders in adulthood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation anxiety disorder in OCD

et al. 2011

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“…ing is that more than half the patients (55%) had more than 1 PD diagnosed. A number of studies [4,16,17] confirm that among psychiatric inpatients multiple PDs are the rule rather than the exception, and that comorbidity appears to be the norm in PDs. In our study, comorbidity among PDs was found for 36 out of 55 pairs of disorders by employing the percent of co-occurrence and for 22 out of 55 pairs of disorders using the odds ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, in most studies, more than half the patients showed 2 or more coexisting PDs, meaning that on axis II, disorders overlap extensively, and multiple PD is the rule rather than the exception [4]. The frequent cooccurrence of PDs presents problems for categorical approach of classification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Comorbidity among DSM-III-R Personality Disorders

Marinangeli

Butti²,

Scinto

et al. 2000

Psychopathology

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The aim of this study was to examine patterns of comorbidity among personality disorders (PDs) in a sample of 156 psychiatric inpatients. PDs were assessed with Semistructured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders. To determine significant co-occurrence among axis II diagnoses, odds ratio and the percent of co-occurrence of pairs of disorders were calculated. Both statistical methods revealed high rates of comorbidity: significance association was found for 36 pairs of disorders using the percent of co-occurrence, and for 22 pairs of disorders using the odds ratio. These results support the concept of ‘apparent comorbidity’ for most PDs, deriving from conceptual and definitional artifacts or from a ‘state-biasing effect’. In light of these observations, a categorical approach to PDs, resulting in a list of diagnoses, appears useless in psychiatric practice. A dimensional classification is probably better suited for PDs, improving the understanding of personality psychopathology and its clinical implications.

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Comorbidity of axis I and axis II diagnoses in a sample of Egyptian patients with neurotic disorders

Cited by 23 publications

References 15 publications

Psychiatric Comorbidity in Greek Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Psychiatric Comorbidity in Greek Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Separation anxiety disorder in OCD

Patterns of Comorbidity among DSM-III-R Personality Disorders

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