Compact 2×2 parabolic multimode interference thermo–optic switches based on fluorinated photopolymer

Abstract

In this work, a dual-side parabolic structural (DSPS) multimode interference (MMI) thermo-optic (TO) waveguide switch is designed and fabricated by using novel low-loss fluorinated photopolymer materials. Comparing with the traditional dual-side linear structural (DSLS) MMI device, the effective length of the MMI coupling region proposed can be effectively reduced by 40%. The thermal stability of the waveguide material is analyzed, and the optical characteristics of the switching chip are simulated. The actual performances of the entire MMI switch are measured with an insertion loss of 7 dB, switching power of 15 mW and an extinction ratio of 28 dB. In contrast to the traditional MMI optical switch, the new type of parabolic structural MMI TO waveguide switch exhibits lower power consumption and larger extinction ratio. The compact fluorinated polymer MMI TO switches are suitable well for realizing miniaturization, high-properties, and lower cost of photonic integrated circuits.

High-performance chiral all-optical OR logic gate based on topological edge states of valley photonic crystal

“…An all-optical network [1] is that the signal always exists in the form of light during the propagation and information processing, which overcomes the "electronic bottleneck" phenomenon caused by the previous optical-electrical-optical conversion. [2] It is necessary to develop an entire family of different all-optical components for all-optical networks, such as waveguides, optical switches, [3][4][5][6][7][8] wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) devices, optical delay lines, logic gates, and so forth. Currently, information processing is realized by electrical logic gates (AOLGs) based on electro-optic conversion all the time [9,10] due to the limited performance of current AOLG designs that cannot meet the requirements in applications.…”