Compact and Integrated High-Power Pulse Generation and Forming System

Abstract

This paper presents comprehensive analytical, numerical and experimental research of the compact and integrated high-power pulse generation and forming system based on the flux compression generator and the electro-explosive forming fuse. The paper includes the analysis of the presented solution, starting from the individual components studies, i.e., the separate flux compression generator tests in field conditions and the forming fuse laboratory test, through the formulation of the extended quasi-empirical components models aimed at enabling their optimal parameters determination at the early design stage and ending with the description of the integrated system studies in field conditions. Based on detailed research, it was possible to achieve very high parameters of the generated pulses, i.e., overvoltages of up to 340 kV with the available source power reaching 25 GW. A very high convergence of the simulation and the results of experimental research has been obtained. The parameters of the presented system have been compared with other literature solutions and the selected topology of the high power pulse generation and forming system has been distinguished against other available ones, e.g., based on Marx generators and forming lines.

The concept of a new two-stage fuse for high power pulse forming

“…overvoltage 1 [kV] Generated pulse power 1 [MW] Pulse equivalent energy [kJ] Estimated equivalent power density [GW/m 3 ] Ref. Marx generator – 200 ÷ 500 < 3000 0.01 ÷ 1 < 10 15 , 17 Marx generator Blumlein line 400 ÷ 600 < 6000 0.1 ÷ 1 < 25 11 , 51 FCG – < < 100 1000 ÷ 10,000 5 ÷ 30 < 600 25 , 30 , 52 FCG Electro-explosive FF 200 ÷ 400 5000 ÷ 30,000 5 ÷ 30 < 1200 27 , 30 – 32 Pulse capacitors Electro-explosive FF 150 ÷ 400 < 5000 0.1 ÷ 10 < 20 30 , 33 , 53 , 54 Pulse capacitors TSFF 700 ÷ 800 and more ~ 15,000 1 ÷ 10 > 60 This work 1 Defined as the absolute maximum values of the generated pulse at the optimal load (Marx generat...…”

“…Hence, the selection of the number, cross-section and length of the fusible elements is usually based on the energy criterion and the Joule integral criterion, as presented in Ref. 30 . However, due to the strong non-linearity of the phenomena occurring in the TSFF and its influence on the PFS circuit, this method is approximate and to effectively determine the optimal operating conditions it is necessary to use an experimental method.…”

“…( 3 ) parameters, the solution can be determined numerically using, for example, the resistive model of the forming fuse, as in Ref. 30 or Ref. 12 .…”

“…A detailed classification, introduction to technology, and list of exemplary parameters of forming fuses for the purpose of generating high power pulses (taking into account various primary sources and pulse generation systems) have been presented in Ref. 30 .

Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the fuse-based high-power pulse forming system supplied by pulse capacitor bank: C 0 —pulse capacitor bank charged to voltage U 0 ; T —trigatron (triggered spark gap), i F , u F —forming fuse current and voltage.

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Constructing ferroelectric–antiferroelectric phase boundary in PbZrO3-based ceramics for enhancing hydrostatic-pressure-induced depolarization performances significantly

“…There has been increasing interest in the field of energy harvesting and energy conversion owing to the demand for sustainable energy over the last few decades. 1,2 And the technology of explosive (or ''pulse power'') energy conversion has become of particular importance due to numerous applications in rapidly charging capacitors, geology-prospecting systems, electromagnetic launchers, and neutron power generators. [3][4][5][6] This technology makes uses of shock waves generated by the explosives to release the energy stored in ferroelectrics in the form of electrical energy; that is, electrical charge can be delivered rapidly from ferroelectrics to an external device by means of mechanical compression.…”