Compact Broadband Electronically Controllable SIW Phase Shifter for 5G Phased Array Antennas

Reconfigurable SIW Antenna for Fixed Frequency Beam Scanning and 5G Applications

“…The arrangement proposed in this article allows different slot excitations to control the EM wave. It is also an approach for introducing a fixed amount of phase shift in an SIW structure [16]. As shown in Fig.…”

Parametric Design of a Class of Full-Band Waveguide Differential Phase Shifters

“…In Figure 3, the different step susceptances, Bsi, propagation constants, βsi and βr, and waveguide impedances, Zsi and Zr, are the geometry-related design parameters with respect to an empty waveguide of the same length L defined by βe and Ze. With the parameters defined in Figure 3, the ABCD matrix of half DPS can be established (1), and using this matrix it is feasible to obtain the overall input impedance (2) and voltage transfer ratio (3). From this last expression, the amplitude must be equal to the unity and the phase must be equal to the nominal phase shift value with respect to the reference waveguide, i.e., the desired phase difference between both waveguides.…”

“…Coefficients of the fitting polynomials are given in Table 1, where widths and heights are normalized to the standard waveguide dimensions a and b, respectively, and the lengths are normalized to λg, where λg is the empty waveguide wavelength at the center frequency, f0 = (f1 × f2) 1/2 . Finally, the design parameters obtained from these equations are used as an initial guess for the mode-matching simulation tool With the parameters defined in Figure 3, the ABCD matrix of half DPS can be established (1), and using this matrix it is feasible to obtain the overall input impedance (2) and voltage transfer ratio (3). From this last expression, the amplitude must be equal to the unity and the phase must be equal to the nominal phase shift value with respect to the reference waveguide, i.e., the desired phase difference between both waveguides.…”

“…Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology has emerged as an option for combining advantages from planar technology, such as compactness and low cost, and waveguide technology, such as high quality factors and low insertion loss. Different proposed in SIW technology in recent years [2,3] that attempt to conjugate all these advantages. However, hollow waveguide technology remains the best option for feed networks where the electrical requirements in terms of insertion loss, power handling capabilities, performance repeatability and mechanical rigidity, are of utmost importance.…”