Compact Yagi‐Uda slot antenna with metamaterial element for wide bandwidth wireless application

Abstract

In this article, an antenna with the combination of the microstrip slot and Yagi antenna is presented for wideband WLAN (wireless local area network) using CRLH (composite right/left‐handed) as a metamaterial (Left‐hand) element. The T‐shape feed line is investigated as a radiator section and modified for enhancing the bandwidth. The periodic elements are utilized as a novel type of the director to improve the bandwidth to more than 35% and increase the gain of the antenna to more than 80% where the three CRLH elements array are employed as the director of the Yagi antenna. The proposed antenna covers the 2.2 to 8 GHz (113% bandwidth) with a return loss of less than −6 dB (VSWR less than 3), which makes it suitable for wireless applications for covering different bands including WLAN, LTE (Long Term Evolution), and WiMAX with 47% miniaturization. The final antenna is simulated with CST microwave studio by the time‐domain method of FIT (Finite integration technique). The total size of the antenna is 60 mm × 40 mm × 1.6 mm, which is printed on an FR‐4 substrate, and the experimental results confirm the simulations.

Machine learning-based technique for resonance and directivity prediction of UMTS LTE band quasi Yagi antenna

“…According to CST's calculations, the proposed design has a peak gain of 6.9 dBi, as opposed to the 5.6 dBi, 6.46 dBi, 6.73 dBi, 5.02 dBi, 4.27 dBi, 4.3 dBi, and 5 dBi reported by the references. Reference articles [9] , [10] , [12] , [13] , [14] report radiation efficiencies of 82.4%, 70%, 80%, 73%, and 96%, respectively; however, 89.9% is measured in CST for the proposed Yagi antenna. The investigations based on machine learning are not employed in the references that have been listed above; even so, they are extensively used in the design that has been presented.…”

“…Table 1 shows a comparison of many ongoing parallel activities. Reference papers [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] report reflection coefficients of -35.58 dB, -27 dB, -25.02 dB, -35 dB, -29 dB, and -32 dB, respectively; nevertheless, in the suggested Yagi antenna, it is observed as -38.4 dB in CST. According to CST's calculations, the proposed design has a peak gain of 6.9 dBi, as opposed to the 5.6 dBi, 6.46 dBi, 6.73 dBi, 5.02 dBi, 4.27 dBi, 4.3 dBi, and 5 dBi reported by the references.…”

“… [13] Ref. [14] Proposed Method Tri band Rectenna Quasi Yagi antenna Split-ring resonator Slotted array antenna Dielectric resonator antenna Quasi Yagi (2 port) Finite integration technique Single port Quasi Yagi Antenna Return loss (dB) -35.58 — -27 -25.02 -35 -29 -32 -38.40 Operating Frequency (GHz) 0.9, 1.83, 2.11 6, 8 1.8, 2.45 28 3.7 3.6 3.8, 5.2 2.1 Bandwidth (GHz) 0.94 -2.08 5.03-9.39 1.7-1.9 2.39-2.55 27.03-28.82 3.3-4.2 3.48-3.8 2.2-8 1.95-2.31 Peak Gain (dBi) 5.6 6.46 6.73 5.02 4.27 4.3 5 6.9 Radiation Efficiency % 82.4 — 70 — 80 73 96 89.9 Size (W×L) 0.336 λ 0 × 0.264 λ 0 0.545 λ 0 × 0.55 λ 0 0.593 λ 0 × 0.48 λ 0 13.63 λ 0 × 6.36 λ 0 0.29 λ 0 × 0.19 λ 0 0.47 λ 0 × 0.93 λ 0 0.7 λ 0 × 0.467 λ 0 0.535 λ 0 × 0.714 λ 0 ML investigations No No No No No No No Yes RLC Equivalent Circuit …”