Compact Wavelength Selective Crossbar Switch with Cascaded First Order Micro-Ring Resonators

Khope, Akhilesh S. P.; Zhang, Robert; Helkey, Roger; Alferness, R. C.; Saleh, A.A.M.; Bowers, John E.

doi:10.3390/photonics9020060

Photonics

2022

DOI: 10.3390/photonics9020060

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Compact Wavelength Selective Crossbar Switch with Cascaded First Order Micro-Ring Resonators

Akhilesh S. P. Khope

Robert Zhang

Roger Helkey

et al.

Abstract: We demonstrate a compact 4×4 wavelength selective switch with 50% fewer electrical signal pads as compared with our previous generation. We report loss and crosstalk for different paths of the switch. We measure median loss of 5.32 dB and worst case crosstalk of −35 dB. The microring resonators tune by more than one free spectral range, which is an improvement over our previous generation of switches. This switch can support 8 channels at 400 GHz spacing. We conclude that it is possible to drive both microring… Show more

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Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

(18 reference statements)

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Ultracompact Polarization-Insensitive 1 × N Silicon-Based Optical Wavelength-Selective Switch by Leveraging I/O Waveguide Spacing Difference

Fan,

Yan,

et al. 2024

ACS Photonics

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Wavelength-selective switches (WSS) have large potential applications in future high-capacity, low-latency, flexible, and energy-efficient data center optical networks. Here, a novel ultracompact 1 × N polarization-insensitive WSS is proposed on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. The WSS comprises one input port with a polarizing beam splitter and rotator (PBSR), two identical (M × N + 1) × (M + N) arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) cascaded with M 1 × N thermo-optic (TO) switches, and N output ports with polarization combiners. The AWG works as both a demultiplexer and multiplexer to eliminate the center wavelength mismatch induced by fabrication errors and to achieve an ultracompact footprint. The TO switches placed on loopback arms allow for the routing of each wavelength to any one of the N output ports. A new design of leveraging the I/O waveguide spacing difference between the loopback inputs and demultiplexing outputs of AWG is employed to eliminate waveguide crossings in a conventional WSS layout design. In experiment, a 12-channel 400 GHz spacing 1 × 2 WSS with a footprint of 1.67 × 1.7 mm 2 is demonstrated. The minimal on-chip loss of 6.8 dB, best extinction ratio of 25 dB, and switching speed of 42 μs are achieved. The measured polarization-dependent loss is <0.5 dB and polarizationdependent wavelength shift is <0.08 nm.

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Ultracompact Polarization-Insensitive 1 × N Silicon-Based Optical Wavelength-Selective Switch by Leveraging I/O Waveguide Spacing Difference

Fan,

Yan,

et al. 2024

ACS Photonics

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High-bandwidth density silicon photonic resonators for energy-efficient optical interconnects

Novick,

James,

Dai

et al. 2023

Applied Physics Reviews

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The growth of artificial intelligence applications demands ever larger and more complex deep learning models, dominating today's—and tomorrow's—data center and high-performance computing systems. While traditional electronics are failing to keep pace with application demands, silicon photonic (SiPh) interconnects have emerged as a necessary technology to support these systems. SiPh-driven wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) offers a particularly promising path toward supporting incredibly high-aggregate link bandwidth in a compact and efficient form factor. One of the basic building blocks of these integrated WDM interconnects is the SiPh resonator. Their inherent wavelength selectivity and compact footprint allow for efficient data transmission multiplexed across dozens of carrier wavelengths. Used as add-drop (AD) filters, SiPh resonators are critical to constructing integrated tunable wavelength-selective optical circuit switches as well as for demultiplexing the different carrier wavelengths toward independent wavelength-insensitive photodiodes in a dense wavelength-division multiplexing receiver. Resonators in the all-pass (AP) configuration are widespread as well, allowing for wavelength-selective modulation to drive aggregate link bandwidths far beyond the individual channel data rate. Unlike SiPh Mach–Zehnder modulators (MZM), resonant modulators can be driven using low, complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor drive voltages, allowing for tight co-integration between photonic integrated circuits, fabricated with larger process node technologies, and electronic integrated circuits, designed to exploit the advantages of the latest node. To push toward practical peta-scale interconnects, a comprehensive review of SiPh resonators is required, addressing bottlenecks and design constraints at both the architecture and device levels. We first describe the predominant integrated link architectures and identify their limits. We then discuss the device-level design considerations that can be made for both AD and AP configuration resonators to overcome the system level limits with novel resonator device designs. Analytical models and numerical simulation of resonators are validated by experimental measurement of devices fabricated in a commercial 300-mm foundry, showing a clear path toward volume manufacturing. The demonstrated resonant modulators and filters support the feasibility of increasing the aggregate bandwidth of resonator-driven SiPh interconnects into the peta-scale regime.

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Silicon Photonic Wavelength-Selective Switch Based on an Array of Adiabatic Elliptical-Microrings

Zhang

Xiang

Liu

et al. 2023

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Compact Wavelength Selective Crossbar Switch with Cascaded First Order Micro-Ring Resonators

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Ultracompact Polarization-Insensitive 1 × N Silicon-Based Optical Wavelength-Selective Switch by Leveraging I/O Waveguide Spacing Difference

Ultracompact Polarization-Insensitive 1 × N Silicon-Based Optical Wavelength-Selective Switch by Leveraging I/O Waveguide Spacing Difference

High-bandwidth density silicon photonic resonators for energy-efficient optical interconnects

Silicon Photonic Wavelength-Selective Switch Based on an Array of Adiabatic Elliptical-Microrings

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