Compaction localization in porous sandstones: spatial evolution of damage and acoustic emission activity

Baud, Patrick; Klein, Emmanuelle; Wong, Teng-fong

doi:10.1016/j.jsg.2003.09.002

Cited by 371 publications

(446 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Specimens with intermediate porosity are apt to form a hybrid mode composed of two patterns of the high-angle shear band, diffuse compaction band and discrete compaction band. This is consistent with the conclusion of Baud et al [2]. Porosity is not the only factor that affects the failure mode, and confining pressure also has a great influence.…”

Section: Mechanical Characteristics and Failure Modessupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Sternlof et al [19] speculated the stress level for forming compaction bands in Aztec sandstone was about 13-54 MPa without considering the pore pressure. The stress levels for forming compaction bands in laboratory are one order of magnitude higher than that in the field, which are about several hundreds MPa [2,7,20]. The specimens with notches can form compaction bands at lower stress levels, but they are still above 200 MPa [16,[21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The differential compactive yield stresses of samples 6, 8 and 9 are 8-11 MPa, and other's are below 5 MPa. The terms defined by Baud et al [2] are used here. A localized structure which is sub-perpendicular to the maximal principal stress is referred to as a 'compaction band'.…”

Section: Mechanical Characteristics and Failure Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Olsson et al [5,6], Wong et al [7], Haimson et al [8][9][10][11], Baud et al [2] and Fôrtin et al [12] observed three different pat-terns of compaction bands in laboratory experiments [3]. Olsson and Holcomb [5,6] observed wide compaction bands in Castlegate sandstone, which grew in thickness with increasing axial load until the entire specimen was covered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Outside the band, there are few cracks. It is a deformation localization structure that occurs in the brittle-ductile transition regime of clastic sedimentary rocks with porosity exceeding about 16% [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Experimental study on formation mechanism of compaction bands in weathered rocks with high porosity

Han

Liu

Wang

2013

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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Since Mollema and Antonellini observed compaction bands in the field in 1996, different patterns of compaction bands have been found in laboratory experiments. There are some discrepancies between the laboratory experiments and the field observations: compared to the field observation, the stress levels required to induce compaction bands in laboratory experiments are usually higher than the inferred in the field, and the grain crushing are more intense in the laboratory experiments. In this paper, compaction bands were observed at the maximal principal stresses below 8 MPa, which is lower than the stress level inferred in the field, and there was no severe comminution inside the compaction bands. Experimental results indicate that the porosity and confining pressure have great impacts on the types of localization bands. Lower porosity and confining pressure can promote the growth of shear bands and high-angle shear bands. Higher porosity and confining pressure can promote the growth of discrete compaction bands. Intermediate porosity and confining pressure are favorable for the growth of hybrid modes involving two of the three, i.e., discrete compaction band, diffuse compaction band and high-angle shear band. The formation of discrete compaction bands is more unstable compared to diffuse compaction bands. The two types of compaction bands can appear in the same type rocks, and diffuse compaction bands are formed under lower confining pressure compared to discrete compaction bands. The reduction of permeability was within 2 orders of magnitude in this study, and it is 23 orders of magnitude lower than those obtained by other researchers. porous rock, compaction band, permeability evolution Citation:Han G F, Liu X L, Wang E Z. Experimental study on formation mechanism of compaction bands in weathered rocks with high porosity.

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Section: Mechanical Characteristics and Failure Modessupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Mechanical Characteristics and Failure Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Experimental study on formation mechanism of compaction bands in weathered rocks with high porosity

Han

Liu

Wang

2013

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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Chemically induced compaction bands: Triggering conditions and band thickness

Stefanou

Sulem

2014

J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth

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During compaction band formation, various mechanisms can be involved at different scales.Mechanical and chemical degradation of the solid skeleton and grain damage are important factors that may trigger instabilities in the form of compaction bands. Here we explore the conditions of compaction band formation in quartz-and carbonate-based geomaterials by considering the effect of chemical dissolution and grain breakage. As the stresses/deformations evolve, the grains of the material break, leading to an increase of their specific surface. Consequently, their dissolution is accelerated and chemical softening is triggered. By accounting for (a) the mass diffusion of the system, (b) a macroscopic failure criterion with dissolution softening, and (c) the reaction kinetics at the microlevel, a model is proposed and the conditions for compaction instabilities are investigated. Distinguishing the microscale (grain level) from the macrolevel (representative elementary volume) and considering the heterogeneous microstructure of the representative elementary volume, it is possible to discuss the thickness and periodicity of compaction bands. Two case studies are investigated. The first one concerns a sandstone rock reservoir which is water flooded and the second one a carbonate rock in which CO 2 is injected for storage. It is shown that compaction band instabilities are possible in both cases.

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Path dependence of the potential for compaction banding: Theoretical predictions based on a plasticity model for porous rocks

Buscarnera

Laverack

2014

JGR Solid Earth

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The paper presents a theoretical investigation of compaction banding based on a plasticity model for high-porosity rocks. The selected model is featured by a nonassociated flow rule and two internal variables simulating the competition between softening and hardening in the brittle-ductile transition. The parameters have been calibrated for two extensively studied rocks that exhibited localized compaction under laboratory conditions. In particular, the constants that control the compaction banding domain are defined by matching the stresses at which localized compaction was found in the experiments. The resulting parameters are used to simulate the stress-strain response for two loading modes (i.e., triaxial compression and radially constrained deformation), thus exploring the role of stress paths and kinematic constraints on the evolution of the compaction banding potential. The analyses suggest that the loading paths able to mobilize the plastic resources of the rock alter the potential for compaction banding through irreversible effects. A notable example is oedometric compression, for which the potential to generate localized compaction tends to vanish during the initial stages of inelastic loading. These predictions suggest that constraints to the mode of deformation can hinder the occurrence of compaction bands in the field. Moreover, they suggest that the interplay between kinematic constraints and evolution of the compaction banding potential can be used for experimental characterization purposes. As a consequence, these results emphasize the importance of complementing stress-controlled experiments with other tests able to explore different stress paths, thus providing additional data for an accurate characterization of rheological properties and strain-localization characteristics.

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Compaction localization in porous sandstones: spatial evolution of damage and acoustic emission activity

Cited by 371 publications

References 29 publications

Experimental study on formation mechanism of compaction bands in weathered rocks with high porosity

Experimental study on formation mechanism of compaction bands in weathered rocks with high porosity

Chemically induced compaction bands: Triggering conditions and band thickness

Path dependence of the potential for compaction banding: Theoretical predictions based on a plasticity model for porous rocks

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