Companion crop performance in the absence and presence of agronomic manipulation

Harris, Robert H.; Hirth, J. R.; Crawford, Michael C.; Bellotti, William D; Peoples, Mark B.; Norng, S.

doi:10.1071/ar06148

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The LER values and incidence of overyielding (LER >1) was found to increase in seasons with more favorable growing‐season rainfall. This seasonal effect was also observed in an overcropping study that found a strong relationship between growing‐season rainfall and increased production of the companion crop (Harris et al, 2007). Cenpukdee and Fukai (1992) also reported that differences in growing‐season conditions affected competition of the two intercrop species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Overcropping cereals, the practice of seeding the crop directly into an established perennial pasture stand, is one means of overcoming the problem of lucerne removal (Davies and Peoples, 2003). Overcropping generally results in a yield reduction of the component species (Harris et al, 2007); however, overcropping productivity can be better than growing the sole components as separate stands or swards (Harris et al, 2007; Humphries et al, 2004). Additionally, overcropping is able to use more water than an annual system by exploiting the ability of the deep‐rooted perennial pasture species to recover water from deeper soil layers (Harris et al, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Productivity Advantage of Crop–Perennial Pasture Intercropping in Southeastern Australia

2013

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Annual‐based pasture and/ annual crops are now commonly the basis of farming practices in higher rainfall regions of southern Australia. For environmental reasons, farming systems used in higher rainfall regions should ideally target use of more perennials in the landscape without impacting farm productivity or profitability. Intercropping may provide the opportunity to achieve this, where the pasture component is a perennial species. The perennial pasture species lucerne (Aurora Medicago sativa L.) and chicory (Puna Cichorium intybus L.) were established and maintained for three seasons with annually sown crop species (Whistler wheat [Triticum aestivum L], Wonga lupin [Lupinus angustifolius L] and Sapphire canola [Brassica napus L.]) in a double skip row arrangement. These intercrops were compared for production and productivity with individual crops and pastures grown as monoculture stands. Grain crop yields were reduced when grown in intercrop with lucerne and chicory. Yield reductions ranged from 0 to 46% for wheat, 45 to 74% for lupin, and 8 to 83% for canola. Pasture dry matter was also reduced when intercropped, with reductions ranging from 0 to 78% for lucerne and 19 to 78% for chicory. Despite reductions in crop and pasture production, the land equivalent ratio (LER) ranged from 0.42 to 1.78, with most intercrop combinations overyielding. Chicory was well adapted as an intercrop species, with chicory intercrops overyielding more frequently than lucerne intercrops. In addition, the overyielding of lupin and canola intercrops demonstrates the potential to expand intercropping to include break crops, creating a more flexible system suited to southeastern Australia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

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confidence: 99%

Productivity Advantage of Crop–Perennial Pasture Intercropping in Southeastern Australia

2013

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“…Similarly, other research illustrated that cereal could improve legume yield by increasing Fe availability (Zuo et al, 2004). In short, crop management, including sowing time (Yu et al, 2016), row ratio (Surve and Arvadia, 2012), row spacing (Campiglia et al, 2014), and fertilization and sowing density (Pelzer et al, 2016), and climatic condition such as solar radiation, precipitation, and temperature (Harris et al, 2007;Brainard et al, 2011) are highly related to yield performances in intercropped systems. Strong competition for resources inevitably exists when wheat and faba bean are grown together due to similar growth duration and plant height; hence, higher productivity of wheat in intercropped systems may result in yield reduction of faba bean.…”

Section: Effects Of Cereal and Legume Intercropping On Crop Productionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A similar result was found in this study (i.e., wheat yield increased when wheat was intercropped with faba bean, but intercropping decreased faba bean yield; Table 1). In short, crop management, including sowing time (Yu et al, 2016), row ratio (Surve and Arvadia, 2012), row spacing (Campiglia et al, 2014), and fertilization and sowing density (Pelzer et al, 2016), and climatic condition such as solar radiation, precipitation, and temperature (Harris et al, 2007;Brainard et al, 2011) are highly related to yield performances in intercropped systems. Similarly, other research illustrated that cereal could improve legume yield by increasing Fe availability (Zuo et al, 2004).…”

Section: Effects Of Cereal and Legume Intercropping On Crop Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat Growth Is Stimulated by Interspecific Competition after Faba Bean Attains Its Maximum Growth Rate

et al. 2019

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Competition and facilitation adequately explain high yield and high resource use efficiency in intercropping; however, little research has focused on dynamic trajectories and interaction in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) intercropping system under different P application rates. Field experiments were conducted with three planting patterns (monocropped wheat [MW], monocropped faba bean [MB], and wheat and faba bean intercropping) and three rates of P fertilization (0 [P0], 45 [P45], and 90 kg P2O5 ha−1 [P90]). The biomass of faba bean and wheat was sequentially sampled 10 and 11 times, respectively, during each growing season, and growth parameters and species interaction were simulated and calculated. Wheat and faba bean suffered different competition pressures in intercropping, but intercropping still showed yield advantages, and the interaction between wheat and faba bean was not regulated by P rate under moderate soil P fertility. Wheat was not dominant in intercropping until faba bean reached its maximum growth rate (Rmax). The Rmax, maximum biomass production, and grain yield of wheat increased by 12 to 18, 4 to 16, and 16 to 17%, respectively, when wheat was intercropped with faba bean relative to MW, and all of these variables for intercropped wheat at P45 were equal to those for MW at P90 due to the interactions between planting pattern and P rate. The findings suggest the time to reach the Rmax of faba bean is a turning point for the intercropping effects on wheat, and intercropping shows potential to maintain higher system productivity than monocropping under reduced P application.

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“…Intercropping of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) and wheat (Harris et al 2008), and of summer-active perennial native grasses and wheat (Millar and Badgery 2009) have both received renewed interest and, although feasible, crop yields are nearly always subject to competitive interference (with the possible exception of yields in wet seasons) (Harris et al 2007a;2007b). Henry et al (2010) have examined the impact of 'intercropping' different lines of the same species (i.e.…”

Section: Intercropping and Phase Farmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies and agronomic interventions to improve the phosphorus-use efficiency of farming systems

et al. 2011

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Phosphorus (P)-deficiency is a significant challenge for agricultural productivity on many highly P-sorbing weathered and tropical soils throughout the world. On these soils it can be necessary to apply up to five-fold more P as fertiliser than is exported in products. Given the finite nature of global P resources, it is important that such inefficiencies be addressed. For low P-sorbing soils, P-efficient farming systems will also assist attempts to reduce pollution associated with P losses to the environment. P-balance inefficiency of farms is associated with loss of P in erosion, runoff or leaching, uneven dispersal of animal excreta, and accumulation of P as sparingly-available phosphate and organic P in the soil. In many cases it is possible to minimise P losses in runoff or erosion. Uneven dispersal of P in excreta typically amounts to~5% of P-fertiliser inputs. However, the rate of P accumulation in moderate to highly P-sorbing soils is a major contributor to inefficient P-fertiliser use. We discuss the causal edaphic, plant and microbial factors in the context of Plant Soil (2011) 349:89-120 soil P management, P cycling and productivity goals of farms. Management interventions that can alter P-use efficiency are explored, including better targeted P-fertiliser use, organic amendments, removing other constraints to yield, zone management, use of plants with low critical-P requirements, and modified farming systems. Higher productivity in low-P soils, or lower P inputs in fertilised agricultural systems can be achieved by various interventions, but it is also critically important to understand the agroecology of plant P nutrition within farming systems for improvements in P-use efficiency to be realised.

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Companion crop performance in the absence and presence of agronomic manipulation

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

Productivity Advantage of Crop–Perennial Pasture Intercropping in Southeastern Australia

Productivity Advantage of Crop–Perennial Pasture Intercropping in Southeastern Australia

Wheat Growth Is Stimulated by Interspecific Competition after Faba Bean Attains Its Maximum Growth Rate

Strategies and agronomic interventions to improve the phosphorus-use efficiency of farming systems

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