Comparative analysis of a solar‐driven novel salt‐based absorption chiller with the implementation of nanoparticles

Modi, Nishant; Pandya, Bhargav; Patel, Jatin

doi:10.1002/er.4405

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Other widely used assumptions include the following: The solution temperatures in the solution tank are uniform, and the refrigerant temperatures in the refrigerant tank are uniform; the solutions at the final stages of charging and discharging processes reach equilibrium; the heat losses during the charging, discharging, and storage processes are ignored; the generation and condensation pressures in the charging process are equal; and the absorption and evaporation pressures in the discharging process are also equal. The ATES is modeled based on the mass and energy balances:

\sum m_{out} = \sum m_{in},

\sum m_{out} x_{out} = \sum m_{in} x_{in},

W + Q + \sum m_{out} h_{out} = \sum m_{in} h_{in},

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of novel water/ionic liquid working fluids for absorption thermal energy storage in cooling systems

You

Leung

2019

Int J Energy Res

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Absorption thermal energy storage (ATES) is significant for renewable/waste energy utilization in buildings. The ATES systems using ionic liquids (ILs) are explored to avoid crystallization and enhance the performance. Property model and cycle model have been established with verified accuracies. Based on the preliminary screening, seven ILs are found feasible to be ATES working fluids, while four ILs ([DMIM][DMP], [EMIM][Ac], [EMIM][DEP], and [EMIM][EtSO 4 ]) have been selected for detailed comparisons. The coefficient of performance (COP) and energy storage density (ESD) of the ATES using different H 2 O/ILs are compared with H 2 O/LiBr. Results show that the operating temperatures of LiBr are constrained by crystallization, limiting the COPs and ESDs under higher generation temperatures and lower condensation temperatures. With varying T g , [DMIM][DMP] yields higher COPs with T g above 100°C and [EMIM][Ac] yields comparable ESDs (67.7 vs 67.1 kWh/m 3) with T g around 120°C, as compared with LiBr. The maximum COP is 0.745 for [DMIM][DMP]. With varying T c , [DMIM][DMP] yields higher COPs with T c below 38°C and [EMIM][Ac] yields higher ESDs with T c below 33°C, as compared with LiBr. The maximum ESD is 87.5 kWh/m 3 for [EMIM][Ac]. Nomenclature: B i , second virial coefficient of species i, cm 3 /mol; C p,IL , molar heat capacity of ionic liquid, J/(mol•K); f , cycle circulation ratio; H, molar enthalpy, J/mol; h in , inlet specific enthalpy, kJ/kg; h out , outlet specific enthalpy, kJ/kg; m in , inlet mass flow rate, kg/s; m out , outlet mass flow rate, kg/s; m r , refrigerant mass flow rate, kg/s; M s , solution mass, kg; M r , refrigerant mass, kg; p, system pressure, kPa; p S i , saturated vapor pressure of species i, kPa; Q, heat duty, kW; Q e , evaporator heat duty, kW; Q g , generator heat duty, kW; R, universal gas constant, J/(mol•K); T, temperature,°C or K; T a , absorption temperature,°C; T c , condensation temperature,°C; T e , evaporation temperature,°C; T g , generation temperature,°C; V L i , saturated molar liquid volume of species i, cm 3 /mol; V s , solution tank volume, m 3 ; V r , refrigerant tank volume, m 3 ; W, power, kW; W p , power of pump, kW; X i , liquid molar fraction of species i, mol/mol; x, refrigerant mass fraction, kg/kg; x in , inlet refrigerant mass fraction, kg/kg; x out , outlet refrigerant mass fraction, kg/kg; x s , refrigerant mass fraction in the strong solution, kg/kg; x w , refrigerant mass fraction in the weak solution, kg/kg; Y i , vapor molar fraction of species i, mol/mol; α, τ, adjustable parameters of the activity model; η e , electricity generation efficiency; ρ, density, kg/m 3 ; γ i , activity coefficient of species i; Φ i , correction factor of species i; ΔH mix , mixing enthalpy of the solution,

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\sum m_{out} = \sum m_{in},

\sum m_{out} x_{out} = \sum m_{in} x_{in},

W + Q + \sum m_{out} h_{out} = \sum m_{in} h_{in},

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of novel water/ionic liquid working fluids for absorption thermal energy storage in cooling systems

You

Leung

2019

Int J Energy Res

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“…Through the application of the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics, absorption chillers of the solar-type can be analyzed considering (i) the type of fluid as a function of the thermal properties for the performance of the system [110], (ii) the type of solar collector and function improving irradiation absorption [111], (iii) the use of nanofluids as a way to increase the efficiency of heat and mass transfer [112], and (iv) the use of integrated polygeneration systems [113].…”

Section: Chiller Activation By Absorption Through Solar Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, using the same working fluids as Pandya et al [110], but considering the use of nanofluids in the solar capture system, Mody et al [112] carried out an energy analysis on solar absorption chiller to evaluate this addition of nanoparticles in the performance of thermal parameters, such as heat transfer coefficient, thermal efficiency, and useful heat gain of the collector. A maximum increase of 122% in the heat transfer coefficient was determined with 2% nanoparticles concentration, the heat transfer coefficient with the use of NH 3 /NaSCN as the fluid with the best performance 0.12% higher compared to the use of NH 3 /LiNO 3 as fluid.…”

Section: Chiller Activation By Absorption Through Solar Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption Refrigeration Systems Based on Ammonia as Refrigerant Using Different Absorbents: Review and Applications

et al. 2020

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The interest in employing absorption refrigeration systems is usually related to electricity’s precariousness since these systems generally use thermal rejects for their activation. The application of these systems is closely linked to the concept of energy polygeneration, in which the energy demand to operate them is reduced, which represents their main advantage over the conventional vapor compression system. Currently, the solution pairs used in commercial absorption chillers are lithium bromide/water and ammonia/water. The latter pair has been used in air conditioning and industrial processes due to the ammonia operation’s low temperature. Few review papers on absorption chillers have been published, discussing the use of solar energy as the input source of the systems, the evolution of the absorption refrigeration cycles over the last decades, and promising alternatives to increase the performance of absorption refrigeration systems. There is a lack of consistent studies about designing requirements for absorption chillers, so an updated review covering recent advances and suggested solutions to improve the use and operation of those absorption refrigeration systems using different working fluids is relevant. Hence, this presents a review of the state-of-the-art of ammonia/absorbent based absorption refrigeration systems, considering the most relevant studies, describing the development of this equipment over the years. The most relevant studies in the open literature were collected to describe this equipment’s development over the years, including thermodynamic properties, commercial manufacturers, experimental and numerical studies, and the prototypes designed and tested in this area. The manuscript focuses on reviewing studies in absorption refrigeration systems that use ammonia and absorbents, such as water, lithium nitrate, and lithium nitrate plus water. As a horizon to the future, the uses of absorption systems should be rising due to the increasing values of the electricity, and the environmental impact of the synthetic refrigerant fluids used in mechanical refrigeration equipment. In this context, the idea for a new configuration absorption chiller is to be more efficient, pollutant free to the environment, activated by a heat substantiable source, such as solar, with low cost and compactness structure to attend the thermal needs (comfort thermal) for residences, private and public buildings, and even the industrial and health building sector (thermal processes). To conclude, future recommendations are presented to deal with the improvement of the refrigeration absorption chiller by using solar energy, alternative fluids, multiple-effects, and advanced and hybrid configurations to reach the best absorption chiller to attend to the thermal needs of the residential and industrial sector around the world.

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“… Ref. Nanofluid used Method Device Used as Key findings 36 MWCNT-CuO (30–70%)/SAE50 Experiment Vapour compression system Nano-lubricant For high volume fractions (> 1%), the viscosity increased by 10%, which is less than the reported increase from other related studies on nanofluids 37 antifreeze-CoFe 2 O4/SiO 2 Experiment Vapour compression system Nano-refrigerant The nanofluids increased the performance of the system by 37.7% 38 graphene-acetone/ZnBr 2 Experiment Absorption refrigeration system Absorbent Nanoparticles improved boiling at lower temperatures 39 acetone/ZnBr 2 –ZnO Experiment Absorption refrigeration system Absorbent Acetone/ZnBr 2 nanofluid improved the performance of this fluid in the vapour absorption refrigeration system 40 Al 2 O 3 –POE oil Experiment Vapour compression system Nano-lubricant Improved the COP of the system by 17.27%, and energy consumption was reduced by 32.48% at 0.1 vol% Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles 41 CuO/water Numerical Solar absorption chiller Absorbent The application of the nanofluid enhanced the performance of the NH 3 –NaSCN and NH 3 –LiNO 3 systems by 2.70% and 1.50%, respectively 42 ...…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric investigation of a chilled water district cooling unit using mono and hybrid nanofluids

Okonkwo

Al‐Ansari

2021

Sci Rep

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This study presents a novel parametric investigation into the performance of a district cooling system using mono (Al2O3 and TiO2) and hybrid (Al2O3–TiO2) nanoparticles in the base fluids of water and ethylene–glycol water (EG-water) at a 20:80 ratio. The study analyses the effect of variables such as secondary fluid flow rate, evaporator and inlet temperatures, nanoparticle concentration, and air flowrate on the COP, total electrical energy consumption, and design of the district cooling unit. The analysis is performed with a thermal model developed and validated using operations data obtained from the McQuay chilled water HVAC unit operating in one of the facility plants at the Education City campus. The results of the study show that the use of nanofluids increased the overall heat transfer coefficient in the system by 6.6% when using Al2O3–TiO2/water nanofluids. The use of nanofluids in the evaporator also led to an average reduction of 23.3% in the total work input to the system and improved the COP of the system by 21.8%, 20.8% and 21.6% for Al2O3–TiO2/water, Al2O3/water, and TiO2/water nanofluids, respectively. Finally, an enhancement of 21.6% in COP was recorded for Al2O3–TiO2/EG-water nanofluids at a 5% nanoparticle volume concentration.

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Comparative analysis of a solar‐driven novel salt‐based absorption chiller with the implementation of nanoparticles

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Screening of novel water/ionic liquid working fluids for absorption thermal energy storage in cooling systems

Screening of novel water/ionic liquid working fluids for absorption thermal energy storage in cooling systems

Absorption Refrigeration Systems Based on Ammonia as Refrigerant Using Different Absorbents: Review and Applications

Parametric investigation of a chilled water district cooling unit using mono and hybrid nanofluids

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