Comparative Analysis of Alkaline and Enzymatic Degumming Process of Hemp Fibers

Rani, Kavita; Ahirwar, Meenakshi; Behera, B.K.

doi:10.1007/s40034-019-00156-y

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The cultivation of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) (Figure 1a) is one of the oldest domesticated plantations in the world, dating back to China around 2700 BC, and is mainly used to produce paper, ropes, food, medicines, cosmetics, and textiles (Figure 1b) [9]. This wide range of applications makes hemp a unique plant that can have positive impacts in many industries [10]. The production of hemp reached its peak in the mid-20 th century; however, the demand has decreased considerably due to the regulation and the development of cheaper materials.…”

Section: Industrial Hempmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In full detail, is estimated that hemp needs between 250 and 700 mm of water over the entire growing season, which is critical during establishment, whereas, after this stage, the plant can survive with less water (250-3350 mm) due to its root system [25]. Also, due to its fast growth, it is a natural weed killer and inhibits or lowers the levels of fungi and nematodes in the soil, thus being able to flourish without pesticides or fungicides [10,11,26]. Additionally, hemp is a plant with a short day cycle, and its light period is critical, which means that the cultivation of hemp is limited by latitude, as, in Europe, latitudes between 20 • and 40 • are considered ideal for hemp growth [25,27].…”

Section: Growing Industrial Hempmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hemp: From Field to Fiber—A Review

Mariz,

Guise,

Silva

et al. 2024

Textiles

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Hemp fibers derived from Cannabis sativa L. have experienced a resurgence in popularity over the past few decades, establishing themselves as one of the most sought-after fibers. This article delves into the intricacies of the hemp production chain, offering a comprehensive understanding from field to fiber. Key aspects covered include the botany of hemp, cultivation requirements, the impact of various factors on plant growth, the harvesting process, different methods of fiber extraction, fibers properties, and suitable spinning processes. Recent studies of hemp’s Life Cycle Assessment are explored, shedding light on how it compares to other sustainable crops and providing insights into the true sustainability of hemp, substantiated by numerical data. The article also addresses challenges encountered throughout the hemp production chain and speculates on future directions that may unfold in the coming years. The overall goal of this study is to provide a knowledge base encompassing every facet of hemp fiber production. It elucidates how different technological approaches and the technical properties of fibers play pivotal roles in determining their ultimate applications. By offering a comprehensive overview, this article contributes to the broader understanding of hemp as a valuable and sustainable resource in the textile industry.

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Section: Industrial Hempmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Growing Industrial Hempmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemp: From Field to Fiber—A Review

Mariz,

Guise,

Silva

et al. 2024

Textiles

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Various physical, chemical and biological (mostly enzymatic) treatments have been used to improve the fiber/matrix interface such as alkali treatment, 9–14 silane treatment, 11,15,16 acetylation, 11,15,17 graft copolymerization 18 and enzymatic treatments. 9,10,19…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incompatibility between natural fibers and polymer resins leads to poor adhesion at the fiber/ matrix interface and resulting low mechanical performance. Various physical, chemical and biological (mostly enzymatic) treatments have been used to improve the fiber/ matrix interface such as alkali treatment, [9][10][11][12][13][14] silane treatment, 11,15,16 acetylation, 11,15,17 graft copolymerization 18 and enzymatic treatments. 9,10,19 1 Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has a special place among other fiber crops due to its environmentally friendly nature and superior mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various physical, chemical and biological (mostly enzymatic) treatments have been used to improve the fiber/ matrix interface such as alkali treatment, [9][10][11][12][13][14] silane treatment, 11,15,16 acetylation, 11,15,17 graft copolymerization 18 and enzymatic treatments. 9,10,19 1 Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has a special place among other fiber crops due to its environmentally friendly nature and superior mechanical properties. There are few studies investigating the mechanical properties of unidirectional hemp fiber reinforced composites which mostly deal with the mechanical characterization and fiber/matrix interface improvement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of quasi-unidirectional woven fabrics from water-retted hemp fibers and mechanical characterization of their composites

Karaduman

Secinti-Klopf

2023

Journal of Composite Materials

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Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites have attracted great attention in the past few decades due to increasing environmental awareness and various advantages of these materials in terms of mechanical properties, sustainability, renewability and biodegradability. In this study, hemp rovings with various amounts of twist were prepared using water-retted continuous hemp fiber bundles. Then these rovings were used to produce quasi-unidirectional (quasi-UD) woven hemp fabrics. These fabrics were utilized to manufacture epoxy composites. Tensile and flexural tests were carried out to determine the mechanical properties of the developed composites and the effect of yarn twist. The fracture pattern of the composites was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The tensile strength of the composite with 45 turns/m twisted rovings was approximately 20% lower than that of the composite sample with zero-twist hemp rovings. Composites with a twist level of 45 turns/m also showed approximately 37% and 48% lower flexural strength and modulus values respectively when compared to composites with zero-twist yarns. This was attributed to the fact that the yarn twist causes the fibers to align at an angle to the loading direction resulting in reduced properties in the axial direction of the composites as well as fiber damage induced by twisting. SEM observations showed that the composite failure took place predominantly as total fiber fracture, fiber pull-out from the yarns and matrix cracking. There were also limited cases of fiber pull-out from the matrix.

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Ultrasonication‐assisted alkali treatment of hemp fibers to improve the fiber/matrix interface of hemp/epoxy composites: The influence of sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant

Karaduman,

Secinti‐Klopf,

Sahbaz Karaduman

2024

Polymer Composites

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Alkali pretreatment of fibers is an efficient technique to enhance fiber/matrix bonding in natural fiber composites. This study investigates if the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant increases the efficacy of alkali treatment of hemp fibers. SDS concentrations ranging between 2 and 10% wt/wt were used with a constant (10% wt/wt) NaOH concentration. Fiber surfaces were observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fiber surfaces were cleaner when SDS was used compared with alkali treatment with no SDS added indicating the elimination of substances such as lignin, waxes, hemicelluloses, and pectin. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and TGA studies also confirmed the removal of these substituents. Mechanical performance of the composites was evaluated via static and dynamic tests. The tensile strength and modulus improved 24.9% and 13.6% respectively with the addition of 10 wt% SDS. The flexural strength and modulus also showed an improvement of 22.4% and 26.3% respectively when 10 wt% SDS was added to alkali solution. Dynamic mechanical tests showed that the storage and loss modulus of the composites increase with SDS/alkali treatment. Results indicated that the use of SDS in alkali treatment notably improves the composite performance which is attributable to more efficient elimination of noncellulosic constituents from fiber structure.Highlights Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) improves the efficacy of NaOH treatment of hemp. Removal of noncellulosic substances from fibers was facilitated by SDS. Ultrasound/SDS assisted alkalization of fibers improved composite properties.

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Comparative Analysis of Alkaline and Enzymatic Degumming Process of Hemp Fibers

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Hemp: From Field to Fiber—A Review

Hemp: From Field to Fiber—A Review

Production of quasi-unidirectional woven fabrics from water-retted hemp fibers and mechanical characterization of their composites

Ultrasonication‐assisted alkali treatment of hemp fibers to improve the fiber/matrix interface of hemp/epoxy composites: The influence of sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant

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