Comparative analysis of antioxidant activity, toxicity, and mineral composition of kernel and pomace of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) grown in Balochistan, Pakistan

Abstract

The present study aims to investigate some physical attributes, total phenolics content, total flavonoids content, mineral composition, bioluminescence toxicity assay and antioxidant activity in terms of DPPH, HPS, TAC and FRAP assays in the kernel and pomace samples of six apricot cultivars grown in Balochistan, Pakistan. TFC and TPC determined by the AlCl 3 and Folin-Ciocalteu assays in apricot kernel extracts of six cultivars varied from 1797.5 (Chagali) to 4778.9 (Badoghur) mg QUE/100 g DW and from 1750.0 (Chagali) to 5005.8 (Badoghur) mg GAE/100 g DW. Apricot kernels exhibited higher antioxidant activity than pomace; antioxidant activity in terms of IC 50 in kernels ranged from 24.88 to 98.61 μg/ml for DPPH, 334.84 to 516.63 μg/ml for HPS, from 22.02 to 110.80 μg/ml for TAC and from 96.27 to 163.35 μg/ml for FRAP. The apricot kernels showed higher TPC, TFC, bioluminescence toxicity to V. logei and antioxidant activity than the pomace. The correlation analysis demonstrated substantial contributions of polyphenols and flavonoids to antioxidant assays. The sample type was the leading factor affecting the amounts of K, Na, Ca, Fe, and Mn in the tested samples; mineral contents were higher in pomace than kernels. The highest inhibition to V. logei was found in the kernels of Badoghur (IC 50 = 1.61 mg/ml). The PCA analysis showed significant contributions of phenolic and flavonoid contents towards antioxidant bioluminescence toxicity assays. Our results suggest Badoghur, Shakarpara and Sardai kernels are rich sources of secondary metabolites and possess remarkable antioxidant and antiluminescence activity and can make a significant contribution to the treatment and prevention of chronic health problems.

Rheological and physicochemical properties of apricot kernel cream—An innovative cream‐like product

“…It was determined that DPPH activities of apricot kernel extracts (in Shakarpara, Sardai, Nari, Charmaghz, and Chagali varieties) were 49. 97, 52.61, 79.96, 91.78, and 98.61 µg/ml, respectively (Tareen et al, 2021). The present study findings are similar released on apricot kernels those previously reported (Yigit et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2018).…”

“…In a study, the total antioxidant capacity of the apricot kernel skin extracts was determined using the following in vitro assay as reducing power, DPPH, ABTS assay, and the ABTS scavenging activity of apricot kernel skin extract were determined between 73% and 90% (Quin et al, 2019). Our results are comparable with Tareen et al (2021), who found that the antioxidant potential of apricot kernel seeds was high. It was determined that DPPH activities of apricot kernel extracts (in Shakarpara, Sardai, Nari, Charmaghz, and Chagali varieties) were 49.…”

Apricot Kernel: Bioactivity, Characterization, Applications, and Health Attributes

“…Apricot kernel has been known to possess a wide variety of biologically active components. Generally, microwave extraction, supercritical pressurized liquid extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, and microwave solvent extraction methods have been employed for the extraction of the different classes of bioactive compounds [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ]. Different techniques adapted to extract the bioactive compounds from the apricot kernel are represented in Table 2 .…”

“…On other hand, this technique has some limitations due to its high cost and maintenance. Bioactive compounds (Amygdalin and Tocopherols) were extracted by cold press extraction technique, which gave a yield of (5.84–62.73%) [ 54 , 55 ]. Apricot kernel constitutes some effective polyphenols such as 3- and 5-feruloyl quinic acid, 3 caffeoylquinic, quercetin-3-xyloside, quercetin-3-rhamnoside, and catechin as confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [ 53 ].…”

Antioxidant and Biological Activities of Fresh and Dried Apricot Extracts Obtained by Cold Soaking and Ultrasonic Extraction

“…described to control the myriad of degenerative diseases that influence human health. 5,7 These phytochemicals are the main contributors to the antioxidant, antimutagenic, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory properties of apricots, in addition to their role in taste, colour, and nutritional value. 8 Pathogenic microorganisms are the main cause of infectious diseases in the world and have been considered a major public health problem worldwide.…”