Comparative analysis of chemical constituents by HPLC–ESI–MSⁿ and antioxidant activities of Dendrobium huoshanense and Dendrobium officinale

Abstract

Dendrobium huoshanense is a Chinese medicinal herb that has high quality and excellent efficacy. However, the chemical basis of its activity is still unclear. Of note, Dendrobium officinale is the most widely utilized among the Dendrobium species. Therefore, the current study systematically investigated the chemical constituents of methanolic extracts and different polar fractions of aqueous extracts from the two herbs by HPLC–ESI–MSn, and then compared in vitro antioxidant activities of their five different polar extracts. Consequently, 61 and 49 compounds were identified from D. huoshanense and D. officinale, respectively, of which 43 compounds were common to both species. In addition, 17 out of 22 different compounds were identified only in D. huoshanense. Moreover, the peak areas of some shared identical compounds of D. huoshanense were significantly larger than that of D. officinale. In vitro antioxidant evaluation results showed that the n‐BuOH‐soluble fraction of the two herbs exhibited remarkable antioxidant activities. Furthermore, the antioxidant activities of different fractions of D. huoshanense were separately superior to that of D. officinale, which may be attributed to its variable and high contents of flavonoids, bibenzyls and phenanthrenes. These results provide the evidence for the high quality and efficacy of D. huoshanense.

Probiotic fermentation improves the bioactivities and bioaccessibility of polyphenols in Dendrobium officinale under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion and fecal fermentation

“…The contents of phenolic compounds of DO and FDO before and after in vitro digestion and colonic fermentation are tabulated in Table 2 . According to the previous studies, 16 standards were selected ( 37 – 39 ). These standards and compounds were identified and quantified using HPLC-DAD by comparing the retention times and peak area with their authentic standards.…”

Wild imitating vs greenhouse cultivated Dendrobium huoshanense: Chemical quality differences

“…The mass spectrum of peak b3 with molecular ion at m/z 244 displayed major fragment ions at m/z 137 and m/z 107. Therefore, by comparison with the reference peak b3 was assigned as 3,4’-dihydroxyl-5-methoxy-bibenzyl [ 44 – 46 ]. There are three molecular ion peaks of m/z 274 in the extraction ion chromatogram, but the characteristic ion fragments of them are not exactly the same ( Fig 6A and 6C–6E ).…”

“…Ion fragments at m/z 121 and m/z 153 were produced for peak b4, ions at m/z 167 and m/z 107 were observed for peak b8, whereas ions at m/z 137 only showed for peak b7. Together with these characteristic ions and reference information, peaks b4, b7, and b8 were identified as 3,4-dihydroxyl-5,4’-dimethoxy-bibenzyl, Gigantol, and 4,4’-dihydroxyl-3,5-dimethoxy-bibenzyl, respectively [ 45 , 46 ]. It should be noted that peak b4 was the highest relative content of all bibenzyl components.…”

Selection of Suitable Reference Genes for Gene Expression Normalization Studies in Dendrobium huoshanense

“…D. huoshanense has attracted many researchers because of its broad pharmacological activity [ 9 ]. Our research group on D. huoshanense has carried out a series of studies on the field resource protection, tissue culture and cultivation, chemical component separation and identification, bioactivity analysis and action mechanism, and new drug and product development [ 3 , 5 , 10 , 39 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ], and also completed its whole genome sequencing [ 54 ]. In addition, the transcriptome sequencing of D. huoshanense had been reported several times in other research groups [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”