Comparative analysis of human immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, or Ad26.COV2.S

Barbeau, Dominique J.; Martin, Judith M.; Carney, Emily; Dougherty, E; Doyle, Joshua; Dermody, Terence S.; Hoberman, Alejandro; Williams, John V.; Michaels, Marian G.; Alcorn, John F.; Duprex, W. Paul; McElroy, Anita K.

doi:10.1101/2021.09.21.21262927

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Consistent with the original study describing the immune responses of the studied participants using a live virus neutralization assay, 38 the mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, and Ad26.COV2.S vaccines elicited neutralizing antibodies against WT pseudovirus in most participants after the first dose of immunization (Figure 2). However, the GMTs of Bleed 2 samples from BNT162b2 subjects after the first dose were lower than those from mRNA-1273 and Ad26.COV2.S subjects (52 vs. 183 and 153, respectively, p = 0.0246 by one-way ANOVA test in Figure 3A).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Data on this cohort has been previously described. 38 In this study, a total 281 plasma samples were collected from 74 participants, of which 24 received mRNA-1273, 26 received BNT162b2, and 24 received Ad26.COV2.S (Table 1). Up to four blood samples were collected from each participant: Bleed 1 was collected on the same day before the first dose of vaccine (prevaccination); Bleed 2 was collected at a median of 21-31 days after the first dose of vaccine, which was also the day of the second dose of vaccine for mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2; Bleed 3 was collected at a median of 45-63 days after the first dose of vaccine; and Bleed 4 was collected at a median of 182-184 days after the first dose of vaccine (Figure 1A).…”

Section: Study Design and Samples Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neutralizing antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern including Delta and Omicron in subjects receiving mRNA‐1273, BNT162b2, and Ad26.COV2.S vaccines

Zhang

Meng

Chen

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines have contributed to the control of COVID‐19 in some parts of the world. However, the constant emergence of variants of concern (VOCs) challenges the effectiveness of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines over time. In particular, Omicron contains a high number of mutations in the spike (S) protein gene, on which most vaccines were developed. In this study, we quantitated neutralizing antibodies in vaccine recipients at various times postvaccination using S protein‐based pseudoviruses derived from wild type (WT) SARS‐CoV‐2 and five VOCs including Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Omicron (B.1.1.529). We found that two‐dose mRNA‐1273 and BNT162b2 vaccines elicited robust neutralizing antibodies against WT, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta, but wanned after 6 months with a faster decline observed for BNT162b2. Both mRNA‐1273 and BNT162b2 elicited weak neutralizing antibodies against Omicron. One dose of Ad26.COV2.S vaccine induced weaker neutralizing antibodies against WT and most VOCs than mRNA‐1273 and BNT162b2 did but moderate neutralizing antibodies against Delta and Omicron, which lasted for 6 months. These results support current recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for a booster 5 months after full immunization with an mRNA‐based vaccine and the use of an mRNA‐based vaccine 2 months after Ad26.COV2.S vaccination.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Study Design and Samples Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralizing antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern including Delta and Omicron in subjects receiving mRNA‐1273, BNT162b2, and Ad26.COV2.S vaccines

Zhang

Meng

Chen

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…In this work, we monitored the humoral response triggered by the inoculation of the four different anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines approved in Europe and used in Italy since the end of 2020, namely, mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.COV2.S, and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. Although others have reported a direct comparison of antibody response to different vaccines ( 5 , 23 , 24 , 31 , 32 ), this is one of the first reports where the effectiveness of the abovementioned vaccines is directly compared in terms of antibody titer and neutralizing activity. Indeed, while this manuscript was in peer-reviewing, Szczepanek et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we aimed at investigating the antibody response of a large cohort of individuals who received different types of vaccines in terms of anti-RBD antibody titer and neutralizing activity, measured with both an sVNT and a rapid test. So far, many reports have shown that both RNA- and DNA-based vaccines, as well as heterologous vaccination, are efficient in inducing antibody production towards the RBD of Spike proteins and that the antibody titer decreases over time from last inoculation ( 16 – 24 ). We also have correlated anti-RBD antibody titer with age and compared the humoral immune response between COVID-19-naïve vaccinated individuals and those who have recovered from COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral Immune Response Diversity to Different COVID-19 Vaccines: Implications for the “Green Pass” Policy

et al. 2022

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In the COVID-19 pandemic year 2021, several countries have implemented a vaccine certificate policy, the “Green Pass Policy” (GPP), to reduce virus spread and to allow safe relaxation of COVID-19 restrictions and reopening of social and economic activities. The rationale for the GPP is based on the assumption that vaccinated people should maintain a certain degree of immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Here we describe and compare, for the first time, the humoral immune response to mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.COV2.S, and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccines in terms of antibody titer elicited, neutralizing activity, and epitope reactogenicity among 369 individuals aged 19 to 94 years. In parallel, we also considered the use of a rapid test for the determination of neutralizing antibodies as a tool to guide policymakers in defining booster vaccination strategies and eligibility for Green Pass. Our analysis demonstrates that the titer of antibodies directed towards the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 Spike is significantly associated with age and vaccine type. Moreover, natural COVID-19 infection combined with vaccination results, on average, in higher antibody titer and higher neutralizing activity as compared to fully vaccinated individuals without prior COVID-19. We also found that levels of anti-Spike RBD antibodies are not always strictly associated with the extent of inhibition of RBD-ACE2 binding, as we could observe different neutralizing activities in sera with similar anti-RBD concentrations. Finally, we evaluated the reactivity to four synthetic peptides derived from Spike protein on a randomly selected serum sample and observed that similar to SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination elicits a heterogeneous antibody response with qualitative individual features. On the basis of our results, the use of rapid devices to detect the presence of neutralizing antibodies, even on a large scale and repeatedly over time, appears helpful in determining the duration of the humoral protection elicited by vaccination. These aspects and their implications for the GPP are discussed.

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“…Moreover, currently, there are no known proven treatments for this infection (2,3). Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration approved three COVID-19 vaccines, namely BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and Ad26.COV2.S (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the intention of COVID-19 vaccination in Korean patients with myasthenia gravis: A survey-based study

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveTo investigate the intention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in Korean patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and to determine the factors that influence their attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination.Materials and methodsWe conducted a questionnaire survey of 160 Korean patients with MG. The questionnaire consisted of five categories, including vaccination status, willingness to get vaccinated, general concerns over vaccination, impact of MG diagnosis on vaccination decision, and MG-specific concerns over vaccination. The responses were rated from 1 (no intention or influence) to 5 (significant intention or influence). We compared the clinical factors between patients willing to get vaccinated (willing group) and those who were neutral or unwilling (hesitant group).ResultsThe average score of willingness to get vaccinated was 4.1 ± 1.2 (Likert score, 1–5). The hesitant group demonstrated higher proportions of women, patients with MG Foundation of America (MGFA) classification ≥III at nadir, and those who had experienced myasthenic crisis than the willing group (women, p = 0.027; MGFA classification≥III, p = 0.018; myasthenic crisis, p = 0.027). Scores for the willingness to get vaccinated (Likert score, 1–5) were negatively correlated with the MGFA classification at nadir (r = −0.235, p = 0.003), degree of general concern about vaccination (r = −0.362, p < 0.001), and impact of MG diagnosis on vaccination decision (r = −0.365, p < 0.001). In the path analysis, the MGFA classification at nadir was negatively associated with the willingness to get vaccinated by increasing the impact of MG diagnosis on vaccination decision.ConclusionMG diagnosis, maximum disease severity, and general concerns about vaccination influenced the intention to get vaccinated.

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Comparative analysis of human immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, or Ad26.COV2.S

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Neutralizing antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern including Delta and Omicron in subjects receiving mRNA‐1273, BNT162b2, and Ad26.COV2.S vaccines

Neutralizing antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern including Delta and Omicron in subjects receiving mRNA‐1273, BNT162b2, and Ad26.COV2.S vaccines

Humoral Immune Response Diversity to Different COVID-19 Vaccines: Implications for the “Green Pass” Policy

Factors affecting the intention of COVID-19 vaccination in Korean patients with myasthenia gravis: A survey-based study

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