Comparative Analysis of In Vitro Responses and Regeneration between Diverse Bioenergy Sorghum Genotypes

Abstract

Sorghum has been considered a recalcitrant plant in vitro and suffers from a lack of regeneration protocols that function broadly and efficiently across a range of genotypes. This study was initiated to identify differential genotype-in vitro protocol responses across a range of bioenergy sorghum parental lines and the common grain sorghum genotype Tx430 in order to characterize response profiles for use in future genetic studies. Two different in vitro protocols, LG and WU, were used for comparisons. Distinct genotype-protocol responses were observed, and the WU protocol performed significantly better for plantlet regeneration. Most bioenergy genotypes performed as well, if not better than Tx430, with Rio and PI329311 as the top regenerating lines. Genotypes displayed protocol-dependent, differential phenolic exudation responses, as indicated by medium browning. During the callus induction phase, genotypes prone to medium browning exhibited a response on WU medium which was either equal or greater than on LG medium. Genotype- and protocol-dependent albino plantlet regeneration was also noted, with three of the bioenergy genotypes showing albino plantlet regeneration. Grassl, Rio and Pink Kafir were susceptible to albino plantlet regeneration, with the response strongly associated with the WU protocol. These bioenergy parental genotypes, and their differential responses under two in vitro protocols, provide tools to further explore and assess the role of genetic loci, candidate genes, and allelic variants in the regulation of in vitro responsiveness in sorghum.

ANALYSIS OF GENETIC STABILITY OF MICROPROPAGATED SUGARCANE IN DIFFERENT SUBCULTURE FREQUENCIES USING SSR MARKER / Analisis Kestabilan Genetik Tebu Hasil Mikropropagasi pada Beberapa Frekuensi Subkultur Menggunakan Marka SSR

“…However, the PS 862 variety can only be reproduced maximally six times because it is genetically unstable. Similar results were shown in sorghum seedlings and sugarcane, which were propagated in vitro, experienced the phenomenon of genotype-dependent (Flinn et al 2020;Ijaz et al 2015;Jamil et al 2017). Therefore, further studies are needed to find out the factors that cause the instability of PS 862 varieties during subcultures in regeneration media…”

Copper Ions Induce DNA Sequence Variation in Zygotic Embryo Culture-Derived Barley Regenerants

“…To determine the quantitative SV and DNA methylation change characteristics of regenerants using the metAFLP approach, obtaining tissue culture explant from a DH genotype after the generative cycle is a prerequisite ( Bednarek et al, 2007 ; Machczyńska et al, 2014b ; Orłowska and Bednarek, 2020 ; Orłowska et al, 2020 ). It is also crucial to have regenerants representing all trials from a single donor plant; otherwise, metAFLP quantitative characteristics might be disturbed by putative variation of donor plants [even if they originated from the same progenitor ( Bednarek et al, 2007 ; Machczyńska et al, 2015 )] due to the so-called genotype effect ( Anu et al, 2004 ; Flinn et al, 2020 ). Having this in mind, only one experimental set included regenerants representing all trials with a minimum of five regenerants per trial.…”

Glutathione and copper ions as critical factors of green plant regeneration efficiency of triticale in vitro anther culture

“…Although obtaining regenerants was conducted from 24 donor plants, identical in terms of morphological traits, only regenerants from a single donor plant that allowed regeneration of doubled haploid plants through all trials were finally selected for the study. Such an approach ( Pachota et al, 2022 ) was selected to avoid even minor (epi)genetic (pre-existing) variation that persisted between donors and might have resulted in genotype (donor) effect when obtaining plants via in vitro cultures ( Flinn et al, 2020 ). The abundance of regenerants for each trial (A-H) varied (3–10), which is due to the very specificity of plants’ obtention via in vitro systems and the difficulties that the process of androgenesis carried out in anther cultures from microspores is burdened with (e.g., low frequency of spontaneous genome doubling).…”