Drawing on the theoretical frameworks of structural functionalism and relational research perspectives, this study meticulously constructs and analyzes China's inbound tourism flow network spanning the years 2001 to 2023. Employing a diverse array of analytical tools such as the small-world model, rank-size model, structural equivalence model, core-periphery model, and various centrality metrics, the research delves into the structural characteristics and evolution patterns of China's inbound tourism flow network within a comprehensive spatial-temporal framework. Key findings include: 1) Small-world and scale-free properties with tourist flows concentrated in pivotal provinces. 2) Persistence of a U-shaped pattern in inbound tourism, with robust activity in eastern and western regions. 3) Presence of a core-periphery structure, with Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangdong as national hubs. This research enhances understanding of tourism industry spatial organization, offering insights for policymakers and stakeholders in tourism development.