Comparative Analysis of Injection of Pyrolysis Oil from Plastics and Gasoline into the Engine Cylinder and Atomization by a Direct High-Pressure Injector

Szwaja, Magdalena; Naber, Jeffrey; Shonnard, David R.; Kulas, Daniel G.; Zolghadr, Ali; Szwaja, S.

doi:10.3390/en16010420

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

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“…The collected pyrolysis oil product was batch distilled to remove the heavier components (> C15), creating a pyrolysis oil consisting of C6-C15 alkene hydrocarbons. Experimental methods for the batch distillation and the distribution of hydrocarbon compounds in this range have been previously described by Szwaja et al [ 62 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coexistence of specialist and generalist species within mixed plastic derivative-utilizing microbial communities

Schaerer,

Putman,

Bigcraft

et al. 2023

Microbiome

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Background Plastic-degrading microbial isolates offer great potential to degrade, transform, and upcycle plastic waste. Tandem chemical and biological processing of plastic wastes has been shown to substantially increase the rates of plastic degradation; however, the focus of this work has been almost entirely on microbial isolates (either bioengineered or naturally occurring). We propose that a microbial community has even greater potential for plastic upcycling. A microbial community has greater metabolic diversity to process mixed plastic waste streams and has built-in functional redundancy for optimal resilience. Results Here, we used two plastic-derivative degrading communities as a model system to investigate the roles of specialist and generalist species within the microbial communities. These communities were grown on five plastic-derived substrates: pyrolysis treated high-density polyethylene, chemically deconstructed polyethylene terephthalate, disodium terephthalate, terephthalamide, and ethylene glycol. Short-read metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing were performed to evaluate activity of microorganisms in each treatment. Long-read metagenomic sequencing was performed to obtain high-quality metagenome assembled genomes and evaluate division of labor. Conclusions Data presented here show that the communities are primarily dominated by Rhodococcus generalists and lower abundance specialists for each of the plastic-derived substrates investigated here, supporting previous research that generalist species dominate batch culture. Additionally, division of labor may be present between Hydrogenophaga terephthalate degrading specialists and lower abundance protocatechuate degrading specialists.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coexistence of specialist and generalist species within mixed plastic derivative-utilizing microbial communities

Schaerer,

Putman,

Bigcraft

et al. 2023

Microbiome

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Combustion comparative analysis of pyrolysis oil and diesel fuel under constant-volume conditions

Szwaja¹

2023

Combustion Engines

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The article discusses the research results on the combustion of pyrolysis oil derived from the pyrolysis of HDPE plastics after its distillation. The tests were carried out in a constant-volume combustion chamber in conditions similar to those in a compression-ignition engine with a compression ratio of 17.5:1. The phases of premixed and diffusion combustion and the ignition lag were determined. Diesel fuel combustion tests were performed under similar pressure-temperature conditions. Comparative analysis was used to draw conclusions as follows: the duration of the premixed combustion phase for pyrolysis oil is approximately 5% shorter than that for diesel oil; with an increase in the initial pressure in the chamber, the premixed combustion time in both cases was shortened, while the diffusion combustion time slightly increased, practically without any significant change; the maximum combustion rate for the premixed combustion phase for pyrolysis oil was nearly 20% higher than that for diesel fuel; the heat released from the premixed combustion phase for pyrolysis oil was found to be 20% higher compared to that one for diesel fuel; the ignition lag for pyrolysis oil was slightly longer compared to that for diesel fuel. The presented parameters significantly impact both the development of combustion and the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine. Summing up, pyrolysis oil can be applied as a substitute for diesel fuel as a single or blended component with it.

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Response Surface Optimization of Brake Thermal Efficiency and Specific Fuel Consumption of Spark-Ignition Engine Fueled with Gasoline–Pyrooil and Gasoline–Pyrooil–Ethanol Blends

Manickavelan,

Sivaganesan,

Sivamani

et al. 2024

SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr.

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<div>The present study explores the performance of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pyrooil and ethanol blends with gasoline in SI engine using statistical modeling and analysis using response surface methodology (RSM) and the Anderson–Darling (AD) residual test. The pyrooil was extracted from HDPE through pyrolysis at 450°C and then distilled to separate the liquid fraction. Two blends were prepared by combining pyrooil and gasoline, and pyrooil–ethanol mixture (volume ratio of 9:1) and gasoline, both at volumetric concentrations ranging from 2% to 8% to evaluate brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and specific fuel consumption (SFC) in a SI engine. An experimental matrix containing speed, torque, and blend ratio as independent variables for both blends were designed, analyzed, and optimized using the RSM. The results show that a 4% blend of pyrooil with gasoline (P4) and a 6% blend of pyrooil–ethanol mixture with gasoline (P6E) were optimum for an SI engine. Also, the experimental findings show that the P6E blend exhibits 11% higher BTE and 11.82% lower SFC compared to base fuel (pure gasoline), and 7.55% higher BTE and 6% lower SFC than P4. From the AD test, the residuals for BTE and SFC follow a normal distribution. The results conclude that distilled HDPE pyrooil could be used in SI engines at concentrations of P4 and P6E without requiring engine modification.</div>

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Comparative Analysis of Injection of Pyrolysis Oil from Plastics and Gasoline into the Engine Cylinder and Atomization by a Direct High-Pressure Injector

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Coexistence of specialist and generalist species within mixed plastic derivative-utilizing microbial communities

Coexistence of specialist and generalist species within mixed plastic derivative-utilizing microbial communities

Combustion comparative analysis of pyrolysis oil and diesel fuel under constant-volume conditions

Response Surface Optimization of Brake Thermal Efficiency and Specific Fuel Consumption of Spark-Ignition Engine Fueled with Gasoline–Pyrooil and Gasoline–Pyrooil–Ethanol Blends

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