Comparative Analysis of Multi-Cultural Situations Between Korea and Germany -Focusing on Multi-Cultural Backgrounds, Characteristics and Policies for Social Integration

Multiculturalism or Revamped Monoculturalism: Exploring the Principles, Policies, and Practices Enacted in Korea’s Changing Society

“…While labor shortages in the early '90s encouraged the practice of hiring foreign migrants, Korea's pending demographic crisis nurtured a shift away from the predominantly male-migrant model at the turn of the century (Ahn, 2012;Kim & Cho, 2015). Demographically, Korea currently faces the challenges of an increasingly senior (aged) populace (Cheng, 2011), extremely low fertility rates (Jun, 2012;Lee, 2012;Oh et al, 2012), and an unbalanced male-female sex ratio (Lim, 2010).…”

“…Han, 2007)-is "erod[ing] the once-solid myth of South Korea's homogeneity, and with it, the taken for-granted assumption that South Korea is only for ' Koreans'" (Lim, 2010, p. 52). Accordingly, the Korean government's pronouncement that the nation is becoming a multicultural society in 2005 marked a noteworthy conceptual shift, as the ethnic basis for Korean nationalism became more civic and inclusive in nature (Kim & Cho, 2015;N. Kim, 2014).…”

A Nation of One: A Critical Analysis of the Rise of the Notion of Ethnocultural Oneness in Twentieth-Century Korea

“…Han, 2007; J. . In one theoretical work comparing the Korean identity to that of the German, authors Kim and Cho (2015) make the assertion that both nations bear the similarities of having constructed cultural "tradition[s] based on the myth of the 'single ethnicity,' 'pure blood,' [and] 'monoculture'" (100). Like statements abound in Ahn's (2013) dissertation on the visualization of race and Koreanness in contemporary Korea.…”