Comparative analysis of nanosystems’ effects on human endothelial and monocytic cell functions

Abstract

The objective of our work was to investigate the effects of different types of nanoparticles on endothelial (HUVEC) and monocytic cell functions. We prepared and tested 14 different nanosystems comprising liposomes, lipid nanoparticles, polymer and iron oxide nanoparticles. Some of the tested nanosystems contained targeting, therapeutic, or contrast agent(s). The effect of particles (0-400 µg/mL) on endothelial-monocytic cell interactions in response to TNF-α was investigated using an arterial bifurcation model and dynamic monocyte adhesion assay. Spontaneous HUVEC migration (0-100 µg/mL nanoparticles) and chemotaxis of monocytic cells towards MCP-1 in presence of particles (0-400 µg/mL) were determined using a barrier assay and a modified Boyden chamber assay, respectively. Lipid nanoparticles dose-dependently reduced monocytic cell chemotaxis and adhesion to activated HUVECs. Liposomal nanoparticles had little effect on cell migration, but one formulation induced monocytic cell recruitment by HUVECs under non-uniform shear stress by about 50%. Fucoidan-coated polymer nanoparticles (25-50 µg/mL) inhibited HUVEC migration and monocytic cell chemotaxis, and had a suppressive effect on monocytic cell recruitment under non-uniform shear stress. No significant effects of iron oxide nanoparticles on monocytic cell recruitment were observed except lauric acid and human albumin-coated particles which increased endothelial-monocytic interactions by 60-70%. Some of the iron oxide nanoparticles inhibited HUVEC migration and monocytic cell chemotaxis. These nanoparticle-induced effects are of importance for vascular cell biology and function and must be considered before the potential clinical use of some of the analyzed nanosystems in cardiovascular applications.

Magnetite-Arginine Nanoparticles as a Multifunctional Biomedical Tool

“…A variety of nanoparticles consisting of different materials were previously tested regarding their cytotoxicity and biocompatibility using the same experimental set up [ 35 ], [ 40 ]. In these static cell culture assays, one type of polymeric nanoparticles showed cytotoxic effects at a concentration of 50 µg mL −1 [ 35 ].…”

Magnetic Accumulation of SPIONs under Arterial Flow Conditions: Effect of Serum and Red Blood Cells

“…In order to design safe intravascular drug delivery nanosystems, their basic physicochemical characteristics and biological effects on the vascular and blood cells must be investigated [31,32]. Furthermore, the effects of hemodynamic forces on nanoparticle behavior in circulation and their adhesion to the endothelium must be considered [26].…”

Accumulation of Iron Oxide-Based Contrast Agents in Rabbit Atherosclerotic Plaques in Relation to Plaque Age and Vulnerability Features

“…To investigate whether hypersensitivity to ferumoxytol is associated with its cytotoxic effects on the endothelium, an in vitro study with primary human cells was performed. The biocompatibility of SPION Dex has been extensively evaluated in our previous studies 31,47 and allowed their use as a nanosafety standard in comparison with ferumoxytol. In the first set of experiments (Figure 8A), real-time cell analysis after treatment with nanoparticles was performed.…”