Comparative Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Metabolites of Fish with Various Rates of Aging

Abstract

Fish species exhibit great diversity rating of aging (from negligible to rapid), which gives a unique possibility for the discovery of the molecular mechanisms that determine the differences in the rate of aging. A mass spectrometric metabolic profiling of skeletal muscle of fish with various aging rates was carried out by direct injection to a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The first group includes long-lived fish species (pike (Esox Lucius) and sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus); the second group—species with gradual senescence such as that observed in many mammalian species of similar size (zander (Sandra lucioperca) and perch (Perca fluviatilis)) and the third group—species with very short life cycle (chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) and pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha)). Multivariate analysis of metabolic profiles allowed the detecting of about 80 group-specific features associated with amino acids, lipids, biogenic amines, intermediates of glycolysis, glycogenolysis, and citric acid cycle. Possible roles in the aging process are hypothesized for the biochemical pathways of the metabolites that were altered in the different groups.

Comparative Metabolomic Study of Drosophila Species with Different Lifespans

“…Before the mass spectrometry analysis, an aliquot (10 µL) of the supernatant was diluted 50-fold by 90% methanol (J.T. Baker, Gliwice, Poland) with 0.1% formic acid (Fluka, Munich, Germany) [ 88 , 89 , 90 ]. As an internal standard, 0.4 µL (5 mg/L) of losartan solution was added.…”

“…Mass calibration was performed daily before beginning the analysis, set by use of external calibration standard ES Tuning Mix (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). A glass syringe (Hamilton Bonaduz AG, Bonaduz, Switzerland) and a syringe injection pump (KD Scientific, Holliston, MA, USA) with a flow rate of 180 µL/h were used for direct injection of analyte into the ESI source [ 88 , 89 ]. Mass spectra were recorded by DataAnalysis software (version 3.4, Bruker Daltonics, Bremen, Germany) to summarize signals for 1 min.…”

The Potential of Calorie Restriction and Calorie Restriction Mimetics in Delaying Aging: Focus on Experimental Models

“…The fishes include the shortest- and longest-lived vertebrates in nature [ 82 , 83 , 84 ]. The heterogeneity in longevity provides a unique possibility for exploring the molecular mechanisms that determine the differences in the rate of aging by applying comparative studies [ 85 , 86 ].…”

Metabolomics Community in Russia: History of Development, Key Participants, and Results

“…In the laboratory of mass spectrometric metabolomic diagnostics of IBMC the first studies of metabolome of fishes with different aging rates were carried out [ 28 , 29 ]. Metabolome profiling of blood plasma from fishes with various aging rates—negligible ( Pike Esox Lucius and Sterlet Acipenser ruthenus ), gradual ( Zander Sander lucioperca and Perch Perca fluviatilis ), and rapid ( Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus keta and Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha )—were evaluated using direct mass spectrometry.…”

“…In continuation of the work, metabolic profiling of skeletal muscle of fish with various aging rates was carried out [ 29 ], since a progressive decrease in muscle mass and strength, leading to a deterioration of the physiological functions of the body, as well as the development of age-related disorders, is one of the most noticeable signs of aging [ 64 ]. Skeletal muscles play a key role in maintaining a healthy and active lifestyle, as they participate in many important functions: controlling movement and posture, physical function, participating in metabolism (for example, skeletal muscles are crucial for maintaining glycemia), etc.…”