Comparative anatomical and hormonal analyses between kohlrabi and broccoli seedlings: Relevance to kohlrabi stem tuber initiation

Nuruzzaman, Mohammed; Kojima, Mikiko; Sato, Masato; Takebayashi, Yumiko; Hoque, Mozammel; Okamoto, Satoru; Shea, Daniel J.; Fujimoto, Ryo; Fukai, Eigo; Sakakibara, Hitoshi; Okazaki, Keiichi

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2023.112002

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 51 publications

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“…Being more favorable in taste than most other brassicas and comprising a large variety of functional compounds, it is not surprising that kohlrabi has been recently receiving more and more attention both as food and feed [3]. In this context, the number of studies on ex vitro grown kohlrabi has increased, including studies on the metabolism of phenolic compounds and glucosinolates [8,12], their antioxidant and antimicrobial potential [13], biosynthesis of anthocyanin [14,15], effects of plant growth regulators and various means of biofortification on growth, yield, and quality traits of kohlrabi [16][17][18], as well as reports on transcriptomic [19,20] and hormonomic [21] analysis of stem tuber formation.…”

Section: Kohlrabi: Brassica's Hidden Gemmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Growth and Regeneration of Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes: A Decade of Research

et al. 2023

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Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes) is a vegetable cultivated for its edible stem tuber. Although valued for its nutritional properties and tolerance to abiotic stress, kohlrabi is one of the least studied brassicas. In this review, we summarize the results of our decade-long research on in vitro morphogenesis of kohlrabi, starting from 2013. Protocols for efficient in vitro regeneration with minimal requirements for external application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) have been developed, both by somatic embryogenesis (SE) and by de novo shoot organogenesis (DNSO). Efficient regeneration by direct SE was achieved using immature zygotic embryos as explants incubated on PGR-free media, and the production process was maintained in culture thanks to highly efficient secondary SE. Conversely, efficient regeneration by indirect DNSO was achieved using entire seedlings as explants and adding only cytokinin (CK) without the need for exogenous auxin. Comprehensive phytohormone analyses revealed that different exogenously applied CKs differentially affected the composition of endogenous phytohormones and induced changes in the expression of cell cycle-related genes and other genes involved in the organogenic response. The addition of high sucrose concentrations to the nutrient media failed to induce the formation of stem tubers in in vitro culture, but revealed a complex interaction with exogenously applied CKs, interfering with both the endogenous phytohormonome and the expression of organogenesis-related genes. Our work has provided substantial biotechnological advances in the field of in vitro regeneration of kohlrabi, as well as in understanding the underlying phytohormonal regulation. The review aims to introduce kohlrabi to the scientific community as a model system for both basic and applied research, while we continue seeking answers to the outstanding questions and trying to pave the way for the development of more resistant varieties.

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Section: Kohlrabi: Brassica's Hidden Gemmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Growth and Regeneration of Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes: A Decade of Research

et al. 2023

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Fine mapping of QTL and identification of candidate genes responsible for tuberous stem formation in Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes L.)

Nuruzzaman,

Sato,

Shimizu

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Tuberous stem is a key determinant of yield and quality in kohlrabi, and it is a prime target of artificial selection for breeding and domestication. To dissect the genetic basis of tuberization, a previously identified major QTL, REnBo2 on chromosome C03 was fine mapped to a 42.8-kb interval using the recombinant populations of three different backcross generations derived from the double haploid lines of kohlrabi and broccoli. Three genes namely Bol012972, Bol012973 and Bol012974 encoding a CBL-interacting protein kinase 6 (CIPK6), fatty acid desaturase 6 (FAD6) and WRKY transcription factor 32 (WRKY32), respectively, were annotated in the fine-mapped interval in Brassica oleracea reference genomes. FAD6 is unlikely to be the responsible gene due to its function as a fatty acid desaturase. Based on the gene structure and expression analyses of the remaining two candidates along with our previously conducted transcriptome and endogenous phytohormone profiles, Bol012972 (CIPK6) was identified as a promising candidate for REnBo2. Since the knockdown mutant of CIPK6 was known to exhibits swollen hypocotyls in Arabidopsis, we speculate that CIPK6 may regulate kohlrabi tuber development through regulating the auxin levels. The result will provide a foundation to elucidate the genetic mechanism for tuber formation in kohlrabi and other Brassica crops.

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Comparative anatomical and hormonal analyses between kohlrabi and broccoli seedlings: Relevance to kohlrabi stem tuber initiation

Cited by 2 publications

References 51 publications

In Vitro Growth and Regeneration of Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes: A Decade of Research

In Vitro Growth and Regeneration of Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes: A Decade of Research

Fine mapping of QTL and identification of candidate genes responsible for tuberous stem formation in Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes L.)

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