Comparative anatomy of the vitreous body in rhesus monkeys and man

Abstract

In the isolated unfixed vitreous body a structural organization can be visualized by slitlamp microscopy or by an ink-injection technique. We discuss the observations on human and rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) vitreous bodies using the ink-injection technique. Advantages and disadvantages of this method compared with slitlamp microscopy are described. Eventual functional implications of vitreal organization are mentioned briefly.

Nonproliferative and Proliferative Lesions of the Ratand Mouse Special Sense Organs(Ocular [eye and glands], Olfactory and Otic)

“…Most of the soluble protein present in the vitreous is derived from plasma, and albumin and immunoglobulins represent ~80% of the protein content of the vitreous ( Bishop 2014 ). Studies utilizing fixation and dye injection demonstrate similarity in vitreous structure between human, non-human primate, and rabbit, and likely other species ( Los 2008 ; Worst and Los 1992 ). Therefore, a generalized presentation of the vitreous is provided and pertains to all species.…”

Involvement of premacular mast cells in the pathogenesis of macular diseases

“…Contrary to the general belief, we assume that TA may accumulate on the anterior wall of the BPM, rather than on the posterior surface. The accumulation of TA on the BPM surface might actually occur, presumably because of the feathery texture of the surface, which Worst previously reported [12].…”

“…Two pioneers of vitreous anatomy, Dr. Jan Worst and Dr. Shoji Kishi, explored the enigmatic structure of the premacular vitreous using different methods [2, 3]. Worst first described the BPM as a liquid-filled sac-like space of the vitreous overlying the macula, and found the BMP connected to the cisternal system, which occupied a significant portion of the vitreous, by injecting India ink into postmortem eyes [12, 13]. Kishi et al observed the vitreous of enucleated eyes by staining with fluorescein, and found that a gel-free region was present in the vitreous anterior to the macula, which they termed PPVP [14].…”

“…Initially, Kishi et al concluded that the PPVP was different from the BPM in several respects as follows. Worst reported that the BPM had a sac-like structure, which may have implied that it is enclosed by a membranous tissue [3, 12, 13]. However, Kishi et al described that the anterior and posterior walls of the borders of the PPVP were the vitreous gel and the PVC, respectively, and that the extent of the PPVP was not necessarily confined to the macular area, as was the case with the BPM [14].…”

“…Thus, fibroblasts and mast cells residing in the BPM might provide a microenvironment for the undifferentiated cells in the foveola. Meanwhiler, Rossi et al proposed via computer simulation that the BPM protected the fovea from shear stress caused by the movement of the vitreous [61], and Worstpostulated that the BPM has a protective function for the macula in hydrodynamic and biochemical senses [12, 62]. Eisner first proposed that intravitreal tracts regulated the intravitreal fluid transports [16].…”