Comparative aspects of Fusarium mycotoxicoses in poultry fed diets containing naturally contaminated grains

Girgis, G.N.; Smith, T. K.

doi:10.1017/s0043933910000085

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…The most common mycotoxins found in grains for poultry feed are deoxynivalenol (DON) and its derivatives. [ 42 ]. In the studies presented, DON was identified at a poultry farm (VIII) at a concentration of 151.2 mg/kg dust.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Microbiological and Chemical Contaminants in Poultry Farms

Skóra

Matusiak

Wojewódzki

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the microbiological and chemical contamination in settled dust at poultry farms. The scope of research included evaluating the contributions of the various granulometric fractions in settled dust samples, assessing microbial contamination using culture methods, concentrations of secondary metabolites in dust and their cytotoxicity against hepatocyte chicken cells by means of MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tests. In addition, we also evaluated the concentration of selected volatile odorous compounds (VOCs) using gas chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods and airborne dust concentration in the air with DustTrak™ DRX Aerosol Monitor. Studies were carried out on chicken broilers and laying hens at 13 poultry farms, with numbers of birds ranging from 8000 to 42,000. The airborne total dust concentration at poultry farms averaged 1.44 mg/m3 with a high percentage of the PM10 fraction (particulate matter with a diameter less than 10 μm). Microorganism concentrations in the settled dust were: 3.2 × 109 cfu/g for bacteria and 1.2 × 106 cfu/g for fungi. Potential pathogens (Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Aspergillus fumigatus, Paecilomyces variotii) were also found. Secondary metabolites included aurofusarin, deoxynivalenol, 15-hydroxyculmorin zearalenone, zearalenone-sulfate, infectopyron, and neochinulin A. However, the dust samples showed weak cytotoxicity towards chicken hepatocyte cells, which ranged between 9.2% and 29.7%. Among volatile odorous compounds ammonia, acrolein, methyloamine, acetic acid, acetoaldehyde and formaldehyde were detected in the air. In conclusion, settled dust can be a carrier of microorganisms, odours and secondary metabolites in poultry farms, which can be harmful to workers’ health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Microbiological and Chemical Contaminants in Poultry Farms

Skóra

Matusiak

Wojewódzki

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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“…A recent global survey of mycotoxins in feed (1,384 samples) indicated that the trichothecene deoxynivalenol (DON) was the most prevalent mycotoxin, with 79% of the samples testing positive at an average concentration of 0.6 mg/kg and a maximum concentration of 8.4 mg/kg ( Kosicki et al., 2016 ). Deoxynivalenol is consistently the most predominant mycotoxin in Fusarium -infected grains in Canada ( Tittlemier et al., 2013a , Tittlemier et al., 2013b ) and often co-contaminates with other trichothecenes, such as 3-acetyl DON (3ADON) and/or 15-acetyl DON (15ADON) ( Girgis and Smith, 2010 , Maresca, 2013 , Miller and Richardson, 2013 ). Fusarium mycotoxins induce a wide range of adverse effects in food-production animals with symptoms ranging from vomiting and feed refusal to estrogenic effects and reduced performance, depending on the toxin and sensitivity of the animal species ( Osweiler, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance effects of feed-borne Fusarium mycotoxins on broiler chickens: Influences of timing and duration of exposure

Wang

Hogan

2019

Animal Nutrition

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In commercial practice, broiler chickens may be exposed to Fusarium mycotoxins either during specific growth stages or throughout the entire production cycle. A 34-day feeding trial was conducted to identify sensitive periods for mycotoxin effects during the growth cycle of broiler chickens. A total of 420 newly-hatched Ross 308 male broilers were randomly assigned to 60 cages with 7 birds/cage. Sources of clean wheat (<0.5 mg/kg deoxynivalenol [DON]) and Fusarium -contaminated wheat (11.4 mg/kg DON) were used to formulate the starter diets (0.41 and 6.62 mg/kg DON) provided from 1 to 21 d of age and the grower diets (0.54 and 7.90 mg/kg DON) provided from 22 to 34 d. Control and DON diets were provided to broilers according to treatments (control, DON 1 to 14 d, DON 15 to 21 d, DON 22 to 34 d and DON 1 to 34 d). Birds were monitored daily for morbidity or mortality. Broiler growth performance (body weight, average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed to gain ratio) was measured weekly. Segments of duodenum, jejunum and ileum were collected at 21 and 34 d and morphometric parameters (villus height, crypt depth, villus width, muscularis thickness and villi:crypt ratio) were measured. Birds fed the DON starter diet during the first 14 d did not exhibit any changes in growth performance; however, growth performance was suppressed in birds fed DON-contaminated diets during the grower period (22 to 34 d). At 34 d, birds that received the DON grower diet (DON 22 to 34 d and DON 1 to 34 d) were lighter (1,433 vs. 1,695 g) than birds fed the control diet. Feed to gain ratio was higher in birds fed the DON grower diet from 22 to 28 d (1.77 vs. 1.56) and 28 to 34 d (2.24 vs. 1.85) compared with corresponding controls. These results suggest that providing older broiler chicks (22 to 34 d) feed contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins (specifically DON) may result in production losses. Histopathological analysis of the ileum region revealed that birds provided the DON diets throughout the entire trial (1 to 34 d) had shorter villi (506 vs. 680 μm) and shallower crypt (85 vs. 115 μm) than control birds. Taken together, these results indicate that DON-induced growth suppression may be a result of adverse effects on intestinal morphology during later growth phases of broilers.

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“…Pour les mycotoxines, des normes (directive 2002/32/CE) et des recommandations (2006/576/CE) existent en UE pour les aflatoxines et certaines fusariotoxines. Les relations entre mycotoxinesdose-effets-espèce-âge ne sont pas clairement établies dans bien des cas (Leeson et al 1995, Girgis et Smith 2010. Dans l'ensemble, le poulet semble peu sensible aux fusariotoxines (DON, zéaralénone, moniliformine) naturellement retrouvées dans les céréales et leurs coproduits (Girgis et Smith 2010).…”

Section: C) Toxicité Due à La Qualité Dégradée Des Matières Premièresunclassified

“…Les relations entre mycotoxinesdose-effets-espèce-âge ne sont pas clairement établies dans bien des cas (Leeson et al 1995, Girgis et Smith 2010. Dans l'ensemble, le poulet semble peu sensible aux fusariotoxines (DON, zéaralénone, moniliformine) naturellement retrouvées dans les céréales et leurs coproduits (Girgis et Smith 2010). Toutefois, un lien a été reporté avec la dyschondroplasie (Whitehead 1998).…”

Section: C) Toxicité Due à La Qualité Dégradée Des Matières Premièresunclassified

Gérer l’alimentation pour contribuer au bien-être des poulets de chair

Magnin¹,

Bouvarel

2011

INRA Prod. Anim.

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La conduite alimentaire peut être impliquée dans l’apparition de troubles locomoteurs, digestifs et métaboliques susceptibles d’altérer le bien-être des poulets de chair. L’objectif de cette revue est de faire le point sur les différentes approches alimentaires et nutritionnelles permettant d’éviter l’apparition de ces désordres et donc d’évaluer la contribution de la gestion de l’alimentation au bien-être des poulets. Un pré-requis concernant l’alimentation des volailles est que les animaux reçoivent un aliment accessible, sain et équilibré, sachant qu’il n’est pas aisé de définir un besoin nutritionnel appliqué à un troupeau, avec des poulets sélectionnés sur la vitesse de croissance, cette sélection s’accompagnant d’effets qui peuvent paraître délétères vis-à-vis du bien-être animal avec une consommation d’aliment excessive et une faible activité. Différentes solutions alimentaires, parfois antagonistes, sont proposées pour améliorer le bien-être du poulet : adapter la composition et la présentation physique de l’aliment et enfin, jouer sur les modalités de distribution de l’aliment, permettant dans certains cas, d’enrichir leur milieu de vie. Néanmoins, au regard du bien-être animal, la conduite alimentaire n’est qu’un levier comme le sont la gestion de l’ambiance et le choix du génotype. S’il est clair que l’alimentation s’adapte à l’évolution de la génétique, son effet en matière de bien-être animal semble limité et une réflexion devrait porter sur une amélioration des capacités d’adaptation des poulets.

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Comparative aspects of Fusarium mycotoxicoses in poultry fed diets containing naturally contaminated grains

Cited by 12 publications

References 54 publications

Evaluation of Microbiological and Chemical Contaminants in Poultry Farms

Evaluation of Microbiological and Chemical Contaminants in Poultry Farms

Performance effects of feed-borne Fusarium mycotoxins on broiler chickens: Influences of timing and duration of exposure

Gérer l’alimentation pour contribuer au bien-être des poulets de chair

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