Comparative assessment of feeding damage by pod-sucking bugs (Heteroptera: Coreoidea) associated with cowpea, <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> ssp. <i>unguiculata</i> in Nigeria

Soyelu, O.L.; Akingbohungbe, A. E.

doi:10.1017/s0007485307004695

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Miles & Taylor (1994) Tissue and cell damage in cowpea caused by pod-sucking bugs water-soaked lesions resulting from the feeding action of the coreid, Mictis profana (Fabricius) to a salivary sucrase. An investigation on the digestive enzymes in the salivary gland extracts of the preceding coreoid cowpea pod-sucking bugs (Soyelu, 2005) revealed the presence of proteases, a and b-amylases, and amyloglucosidase. The proteases were preponderant (especially in A. curvipes) and were believed to be largely responsible for the feeding damage caused by the bugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histological studies of damage by pod-sucking bugs (Heteroptera: Coreoidea) associated with cowpea Vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculata in Nigeria

Soyelu

Akingbohungbe

2006

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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Histological studies were conducted on cowpea pods fed upon by the coreoid pod-sucking bugs, Anoplocnemis curvipes (Fabricius), Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stå;l, C. shadabi Dolling, Riptortus dentipes (Fabricius) and Mirperus jaculus (Thunberg). Various degrees of tissue and cellular disruption were apparent, especially in the brachysclereids. They were manifested in terms of plasmolysis, cell enlargement and cell wall disintegration depending on the coreoid species involved. The feeding site and its periphery had all the cells of the brachysclereids plasmolysed, with the parenchyma having broken cell walls in the case of A. curvipes. Riptortus dentipes and M. jaculus showed similar patterns of feeding activity but less extensive levels of damage. The Clavigralla spp., however, caused cell enlargement in the brachysclereids, and broken cell walls in both the brachysclereids and the parenchyma. Damage symptoms were observed in cells far away from the feeding sites of the bugs, suggesting the possibility of sucrase activity which has been reported to cause osmotic pump feeding in the Coreidae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A critical assessment of the damage done by coreoid pod-sucking bugs has revealed that A. curvipes, M. jaculus and R. dentipes can cause more significant damage to cowpea at lower densities than the Clavigralla spp. (Soyelu, 2005). The present findings on the patterns of cellular damage also corroborate the observation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological studies of damage by pod-sucking bugs (Heteroptera: Coreoidea) associated with cowpea Vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculata in Nigeria

Soyelu

Akingbohungbe

2006

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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“…Herbivory, both above and below ground, can strongly influence plant growth and productivity in agricultural systems. Further, herbivores vary widely in their exploitation of plants, for instance: leaf feeders (Hare, 1980; Kettenring et al., 2009; Stamp, 1984; Thalmann et al., 2003), root feeders (Singh & Khurma, 2007), pollen/flower/fruit/seed feeders (Brook et al., 1992; Irwin & Brody, 2000; Morrill et al., 1984; Soyelu & Akingbohungbe, 2007; Wagner & Erhardt, 1961), mesophyll feeders (Reddall, Sadras, et al., 2004), and xylem/phloem feeders (Macedo et al., 2003). For many of these feeding guilds the effect of feeding on plant productivity is visible as damage to leaves (e.g., grazers and defoliators), reproductive structures (e.g., pollen/flower/fruit/seed feeders), or obvious effects on plant thrift (e.g., root feeders and mesophyll feeders).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do phloem feeders affect gas exchange? A case study of Aphis gossypii (Glover) on cotton

et al. 2023

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Cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) is a worldwide pest of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). High aphid densities visibly damage cotton leaves, reducing leaf photosynthesis and yield. In contrast, lower aphid densities usually do not visibly damage leaves but their effect on photosynthesis is unknown, complicating the decisions on the need for their control. The effect of cotton aphid at lower densities on gas exchange of cotton leaves was investigated under field conditions in the Namoi Valley, Australia. Photosynthesis, leaf area, stomatal opening, and aphid density were assessed on the third mainstem leaf below the terminal of aphid infested and uninfested control plants. Photosynthesis was reduced by a maximum of 27% at a density of 27.6 aphids cm−2 of leaf tissue. Negative linear relationships were found between aphid density and relative photosynthesis, relative conductance and relative transpiration. The temperature of leaves infested with >5 aphids cm−2 was higher than control leaves. Stomatal conductance was reduced faster than photosynthesis, and 87% of stomata on aphid infested leaves were closed, compared to only 34% on control leaves. Closure of stomata was implicated as a cause of reduced photosynthesis in aphid infested cotton leaves. Stomatal closure may be a direct response to cell damage from aphid feeding, as a plant defense or as a response to aphid induced stress. The results suggest that low levels of aphids (e.g., <7 aphids cm−2) on leaves in the upper canopy of cotton crops may be tolerated with low risk to photosynthesis.

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“…The food slurry is ingested through the food canal and passed into the alimentary canal where it is further digested and absorbed (Cohen, 2000). The cellular and tissue damage caused by the injected salivary enzymes usually lead to shriveling of developing pods and seed malformation in mature pods (Soyelu and Akingbohungbe, 2006). Soyelu et al (2007) also reported that proteases played a major role in tissue damage associated with pod penetration, extra-oral digestion and ingestion of food slurry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protease inhibition in cowpea pod-sucking bug species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) using cereal and legume grain extracts

Taiwo¹,

Soyelu²,

Okonji³

2016

Afr. J. Biochem. Res.

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Selected grain extracts were assayed against digestive proteases of Anoplocnemis curvipes, Clavigralla tomentosicollis and Mirperus jaculus with a view to identifying suitable sources of protease inhibitors against the cowpea pests. Laboratory bioassays showed that grains of a local soybean variety Kìshí and a cowpea landrace NG/SA/07/0098 contain potent inhibitors although the former produced a consistently higher level of inhibition in each of the three pests. Protease activity was highest in C. tomentosicollis (1.06 μmol/mg) followed by M. jaculus (0.94 μmol/mg) and A. curvipes (0.69 μmol/mg) but inhibition was highest in M. jaculus. The optimum temperature range for the inhibitors was 40-90°C while optimum inhibitory activity occurred in weak acidic to neutral media, pH 4-7. There was total protease inhibition in the pests when soybean and cowpea extracts were combined against gut extracts in soybean-biased volumetric ratios of 0.7:0.3 and 0.8:0.2. This synergistic efficacy was superior to those of two commercial products. The inhibitors were stable for 10-50 min at 80°C but got denatured within few minutes of exposure to higher temperatures. Obtained results showed that the soybean and cowpea are suitable sources of protease inhibitors in breeding exercises for development of transgenic cowpea varieties.

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Comparative assessment of feeding damage by pod-sucking bugs (Heteroptera: Coreoidea) associated with cowpea, Vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculata in Nigeria

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Histological studies of damage by pod-sucking bugs (Heteroptera: Coreoidea) associated with cowpea Vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculata in Nigeria

Histological studies of damage by pod-sucking bugs (Heteroptera: Coreoidea) associated with cowpea Vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculata in Nigeria

Do phloem feeders affect gas exchange? A case study of Aphis gossypii (Glover) on cotton

Protease inhibition in cowpea pod-sucking bug species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) using cereal and legume grain extracts

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