Comparative assessment of natural radionuclide content of cement brands used within Nigeria and some countries in the world

Agbalagba, Ezekiel O.; Osakwe, R.O.A.; Olarinoye, I.O.

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2013.12.002

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A comparison between the measured activity concentrations of 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K for the analyzed building materials and the results of similar studies reported in different countries are given in Table 3 . The ranges of activity concentrations of 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K for samples of brick and sand recorded in this study are comparable to the values obtained in Egypt and India (Medhat 2009 ; Ravisankar et al 2014 ), while results obtained for cement are comparable to those measured in Nigeria (Agbalagba et al 2014 ). The activity concentrations of these radionuclides measured in the samples of gypsum and granite are also comparable with results from other Iranian studies (Mehdizadeh et al 2011 ; Ashrafi and Jahanbakhsh 2019 ), while the results obtained for ceramic are comparable to Serbian (Kuzmanović et al 2020 ) but dramatically lower than those from China and Saudi Arabia (Tuo et al 2020 ; Al-Sewaidan 2019 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Natural radioactivity and radiological risks of common building materials used in Semnan Province dwellings, Iran

Imani

Adelikhah

Shahrokhi

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Impact assessment of building materials is a focused topic in the field of radioecology. A radiological survey has conducted to monitor radioactivity of most common building materials in Semnan Province, Iran, and assess the radiation risk. Activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were measured in 29 samples including nine commonly used building materials that were collected from local suppliers and manufacturers, using a high purity germanium gamma-ray detector. The activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K varied from 6.7±1 to 43.6±9, 5.9±1 to 60±11, and 28.5±3 to 1085±113 Bq kg−1 with averages of 26.8±5, 22.7±4, and 322.4±4 Bq kg−1, respectively. By applying multivariate statistical approach (Pearson correlation, cluster, and principal component analyses (PCA)), the radiological health hazard parameters were analyzed to obtain similarities and correlations between the various samples. The Pearson correlation showed that the 226Ra distribution in the samples is controlled by changing the 232Th concentration. The variance of 95.58% obtained from PCA resulted that the main radiological health hazard parameters exist due to the concentration of 226Ra and 232Th. The resulting dendrogram of cluster analysis also shows a well coincidence with the correlation analysis.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Natural radioactivity and radiological risks of common building materials used in Semnan Province dwellings, Iran

Imani

Adelikhah

Shahrokhi

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…AGDE µSv y −1 = 3.09AC Ra + 4.18AC Th + 0.314AC K (10) where, AC Ra , AC Th and AC K are the specific activity concentrations of 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K in Bq kg −1 , respectively. Finally, the excess lifetime cancer risk can be calculated using the Equation presented by Agbalagba et al [1]. ELCR = AEDR × DL × RF (11) where (DL) is life expectancy, considered to be 70 years, and (RF) is the risk factor referred to as cancer risk per sievert (for stochastic effects, RF value is 0.05 for the public (ICRP [41])).…”

Section: Radiological Hazard Indices and Dose Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All living organisms are exposed every day to natural radiation within the variety of particles and rays from cosmic sources and background radiation from Earth materials. Most of the natural radioactivity in rocks is caused by 238 U, 235 U, 232 Th, and to a lesser extent 40 K. Such radiation is a function of the geological conditions [1], such as rock type. The former has been estimated in numerous parts of the world using variety of techniques assessing the absorbed dosage rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Distributions and Risk Assessment of the Natural Radionuclides in the Granitic Rocks from the Eastern Desert, Egypt

2019

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This paper investigates the distribution of four natural radioisotopes 238U, 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in one hundred twenty-five granitic samples covering sixteen mountainous areas situated at the northern, central and southern parts of the Eastern Desert of Egypt (EDE). The concentrations of the examined radioisotopes in the collected samples were recognized utilizing a HPGe detector based gamma spectrometry. The average concentrations of these radioisotopes were higher when compared with the worldwide reference values. The radiation risk indicators including the radium equivalent activity index (Raeq), external and internal hazard indicators (Hex and Hin), external and internal level indicators (Iα and Iγ), absorbed dose rate (ADR), annual effective dose rate (AEDR), annual gonadal dosage equivalent (AGDE), and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR), associated with these radioisotopes have been calculated and compared with their recommended global values and safety limits. These indicators showed that the granites from most studied areas exceeded the universal standards pointing to the difficulty of using them as building materials. This study together with future investigations will serve to develop an essential database for future environmental monitoring surveys.

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“…Radionuclides in the atmosphere have high geochemical diversity, enabling them to pass through a wide range and infect much of the environment that humans interact. The natural radionuclides like 232 Th and 238 U chains as well as 40 K are still present in all have a half-life period close to that of the Earth [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural radioactivity and radiological implications of granite rocks, El-Sela area, Southeastern Desert, Egypt

Karim

Gafaar

El-Halim

et al. 2021

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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In the present study, the 238 U and 232 Th radioactivity afford a perfect indication of the attendance of heavy minerals. Herein, integrated ground gamma-ray spectrometric data, X-ray fluorescence analysis and HPGe gamma-ray spectrometer data are employed to evaluate the natural radioactivity of the studied granite rocks. From X-ray analysis, 13 trace elements were estimated. All samples contain a high concentration of barium, zirconium and strontium. The concentration of uranium is high in all the collected twenty-four granite samples. The radiological hazard indices are computed to evaluate the possibility of applying the granites in various building materials. It was found that the granite rocks of the Southeastern Desert, Egypt are not safe for use as a building material.

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Comparative assessment of natural radionuclide content of cement brands used within Nigeria and some countries in the world

Cited by 31 publications

References 22 publications

Natural radioactivity and radiological risks of common building materials used in Semnan Province dwellings, Iran

Natural radioactivity and radiological risks of common building materials used in Semnan Province dwellings, Iran

Spatial Distributions and Risk Assessment of the Natural Radionuclides in the Granitic Rocks from the Eastern Desert, Egypt

Natural radioactivity and radiological implications of granite rocks, El-Sela area, Southeastern Desert, Egypt

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