Comparative Assessment of Seller's Staining Test (SST), Direct Fluorescent Antibody Test and Real Time PCR for Diagnosis of Rabies in Dogs

Pharande, R. R.; Majee, S. B.; Bannalikar, A. S.; Gandge, R. S.; Dighe, R.V.; Moregoankar, S.S.; Doiphode, Aakash; Charan, P; Mukherjee, Sandeepan

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2017.606.142

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…[10][11][12][13] dFAT is the most sensitive, specific, reliable, and cost-effective routine diagnosis method of rabies antigens in brain tissue, but it has some drawbacks: (1) it is only efficient for postmortem samples, (2) as an accessory to dFAT, mouse inoculation is carried out in developing countries, (3) it requires several days to get the result. [14][15][16] PCR seems to be a reliable and sensitive diagnostic tool for antemortem diagnosis of this virus nucleic acid in the clinical samples such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), saliva, skin biopsy, and corneal impression smear but relies on expensive equipment; therefore, it is not suitable for detecting rabies in humans and animals in underdeveloped countries. 3,14 MIT has performance and accuracy and also is a cheap and fast method but it has higher risks regarding biosafety and mental health of the technicians.…”

Section: Rabies Detection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[14][15][16] PCR seems to be a reliable and sensitive diagnostic tool for antemortem diagnosis of this virus nucleic acid in the clinical samples such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), saliva, skin biopsy, and corneal impression smear but relies on expensive equipment; therefore, it is not suitable for detecting rabies in humans and animals in underdeveloped countries. 3,14 MIT has performance and accuracy and also is a cheap and fast method but it has higher risks regarding biosafety and mental health of the technicians. 17 ELISA is considered as a quick method, easy to perform, and also there is no need of live rabies virus or cell-culture facilities; however, they vary in sensitivity and specificity.…”

Section: Rabies Detection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, some of these detection techniques are not suitable for detecting rabies in humans and animals in underdeveloped countries, for instance, as an accessory to dFAT, mouse inoculation is carried out in developing countries. 1,3,[14][15][16][17][18][19] Therefore, there is a great need for a new method that would be reliable, affordable, and sensitive for using in both developed and underdeveloped countries.…”

Section: Limitation Of Rabies Routine Detection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main current methods for the diagnosis of rabies 8,9 (Table 1) are direct fluorescent antibody test (dFAT), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), mouse inoculation test (MIT), enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and virus neutralization test such as fluorescent antibody virus neutralization (FAVN) test and rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) 10–13 . dFAT is the most sensitive, specific, reliable, and cost‐effective routine diagnosis method of rabies antigens in brain tissue, but it has some drawbacks: (1) it is only efficient for postmortem samples, (2) as an accessory to dFAT, mouse inoculation is carried out in developing countries, (3) it requires several days to get the result 14–16 . PCR seems to be a reliable and sensitive diagnostic tool for antemortem diagnosis of this virus nucleic acid in the clinical samples such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), saliva, skin biopsy, and corneal impression smear but relies on expensive equipment; therefore, it is not suitable for detecting rabies in humans and animals in underdeveloped countries 3,14 .…”

Section: Rabies Detection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the detection methods are routinely used by WHO reference laboratories, but there are some limitations including the need of expensive equipment and designing primers for PCR test, efficiency only for postmortem samples, and time consuming to get the result for dFAT, higher risks regarding biosafety and mental health of the technicians for MIT, variation in sensitivity and specificity in ELISA, and also requirement for live rabies virus in virus neutralization test. On the other hand, some of these detection techniques are not suitable for detecting rabies in humans and animals in underdeveloped countries, for instance, as an accessory to dFAT, mouse inoculation is carried out in developing countries 1,3,14–19 …”

Section: Limitation Of Rabies Routine Detection Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biosensor as an alternative diagnostic method for rabies virus detection: A literature review

Zandi

Mohammadi

et al. 2021

Biotech and App Biochem

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Rabies virus as a neurotropic agent causes rabies in humans and animals. Rabies virus transmission usually occurs through direct contact with saliva of rabid animals. However, serological and molecular tests commonly are used in diagnosing rabies but all the detection methods of rabies have some limitations. It is necessary to develop a rapid, effective, and low‐cost biosensor as an alternative tool to detect rabies virus. In this review, we studied related biosensor researches to rabies virus detection for comparing it with other detection test including serological and molecular methods. Given that very limited studies have been conducted in this field, biosensors as quick, effective, and high sensitivity tools can be used in diagnostic of rabies as an alternative tool instead of other detection methods. According to the important role of rapid detection of rabies in the control of infection and public health measures, development of a biosensor as a quick tool can be very significant in the diagnosis of rabies.

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