Comparative assessment of three approaches for deriving stream power plots along long profiles in the upper Hunter River catchment, New South Wales, Australia

Jain, Vikrant; Preston, Nicholas J.; Fryirs, Kirstie; Brierley, Gary

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.08.012

Cited by 89 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In our study area, there are no gauging discharge data to perform a regression analysis and, consequently, we have to use empirical values to estimate parameters a and b of Equation (3). Previously published values of these coefficients are around 0·7 for b and around 1 for a (Jain et al, 2006;Finlayson and Montgomery, 2003;Dunne and Leopold, 1978). The plot of K versus Ω T shows a good correlation using the a and b values mentioned above (Figure 4(a)).…”

Section: K-ω T Relationship For the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 81%

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Spatial analysis of stream power using GIS: SLk anomaly maps

Pérez-Peña

Azañón

Azor

et al. 2008

Earth Surf Processes Landf

142

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The stream length-gradient index (SL) shows the variation in stream power along river reaches. This index is very sensitive to changes in channel slope, thus allowing the evaluation of recent tectonic activity and/or rock resistance. Nevertheless, the comparison of SL values from rivers of different length is biased due to the manner in which the index is formulated, thus making correlations of SL anomalies along different rivers difficult. Therefore, when undertaking a comparison of SL values of rivers of different lengths, a normalization factor must be used. The graded river gradient (K ) has already been used in some studies to normalize the SL index. In this work, we explore the relationships between the graded river gradient (K), the SL index and the stream power, proposing the use of a re-named SLk index, which enables the comparison of variable-length rivers, as well as the drawing of SLk anomaly maps. We present here a GIS-based procedure to generate SLk maps and to identify SLk anomalies. In order to verify the advantages of this methodology, we compared an SLk map of the NE border of the Granada basin with both simple river profileknickpoint identification and with an SL map. The results show that the SLk map supplies good results with defined anomalies and suitably reflects the main tectonic and lithological features of the study area.

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Section: K-ω T Relationship For the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 81%

“…where a and b are positive constants (Finlayson and Montgomery, 2003;Jain et al, 2006). Hack (1957) showed that A and L are related by means of an empirically calibrated power relation, namely Hack's law:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial analysis of stream power using GIS: SLk anomaly maps

Pérez-Peña

Azañón

Azor

et al. 2008

Earth Surf Processes Landf

142

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“…Channel slope (s) was calculated from the SRTM over a distance of 1 km (500 m upstream and downstream) as used by Jain et al (2006) in their stream power calculations for the Hunter River in southeast Australia. Channel width (w) was calculated as the average width of the currently active channel within each 1-km segment (Table 2).…”

Section: Catchment Variables and Relationships To Tpimentioning

confidence: 99%

Alluvial terrace preservation in the Wet Tropics, northeast Queensland, Australia

et al. 2015

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Alluvial terraces provide a record of aggradation and incision and are studied to understand river response to changes in climate, tectonic activity, sea level, and factors internal to the river system. Terraces form in all climatic regions and in a range of geomorphic settings; however, relatively few studies have been undertaken in tectonically stable settings in the tropics. The preservation of alluvial terraces in a valley is driven by lateral channel adjustments, vertical incision, aggradation, and channel stability, processes that can be further understood through examining catchment force-resistance frameworks. This study maps and classifies terraces using soil type, surface elevation, sedimentology, and optically stimulated luminescence dating across five tropical catchments in northeast Queensland, Australia. This allowed for the identification of two terraces across the study catchments (T1, T2).The T1 terrace was abandoned ~13.9 ka with its subsequent removal occurring until ~7.4 ka. Abandonment of the T2 terrace occurred ~4.9 ka with removal occurring until ~1.2 ka. Differences in the spatial preservation of these terraces were described using an index of terrace preservation (TPI). Assessments of terrace remnant configuration highlighted three main types of terraces: paired, unpaired, and disconnected, indicating the importance of different processes driving preservation.Regional-scale variability in TPI was not strongly correlated with catchment-scale surrogate variables for drivers of terrace erosion and resistance. However, catchmentspecific relationships between TPI and erosion-resistance variables were evident and are used here to explain the dominant processes driving preservation in these tropical settings. This study provides an important insight into terrace preservation in the tectonically stable, humid tropics and provides a framework for future research linking the timing of fluvial response to palaeoclimate change. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT IntroductionAlluvial terraces are topographic landforms that result from floodplain abandonment when a river incises, therefore providing records of river aggradation and incision (Leopold et al., 1964). Terraces have formed in all global regions and are commonly studied to understand how rivers have responded to the combined effects of changes in external controls including climate, tectonics, and sea level (Merritts et al., 1994;Macklin et al., 2002;Bridgland and Westaway, 2008) and in internal controls, such as catchment morphology (Coulthard et al., 2005) and reach-specific conditions (Houben, 2003).Terraces are generally identified in the landscape using a range of techniques including soil properties (see reviews in Birkeland, 1990;Huggett, 1998), topographic data (Pazzaglia and Gardner, 1993;Jones et al., 2007), aerial and satellite imagery (Litchfield and Berryman, 2005), with correlations further aided by sedimentology and dating (Stokes et al., 2012). The use of soil characteristics to classify terrace...

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“…While other smoother functions, such as moving averages, can also be used, the problem with removing spikes in longitudinal profiles using moving averages is one of information preservation. If the span (or averaging window) is too small, spikes remain, but if the window is too large important geomorphic data are averaged out alongside the spikes -ultimately changing the shape of the longitudinal profile from its fundamental form (Reinfelds et al 2004;Jain et al 2006;. Local regression, with and without weights and robustness (lowess, leoss, rlowess and rloess) can also be utilized.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variants of the stream power model have become increasingly common for large scale erosion modelling because they can be readily applied over large areas without the need for detailed knowledge of stream conditions (Finlayson and Montgomery 2003;Jain et al 2006;. The stream power law of erosion is expressed as:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of longitudinal profiles along the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Aiken

Brierley

2013

J. Mt. Sci.

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Abstract:Resulting from the collision of the Eurasian and Indian plates, the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is commonly known as the 'roof of the world'. Collectively the Yarlung Tsangpo, Nu, Lancang, Yangtze, Yalong, and Yellow River basins drain the eastern margin of the plateau. In this paper, we utilize Shuttle Radar Topography Mission elevation data to examine morphometric and relief attributes of these basins to reveal insights into tectonic activity and rates of incision. A robust technique using Matlab is proposed to alleviate errors associated with SRTM data in the derivation of river longitudinal profiles. Convex longitudinal profiles are interpreted to be a product of uplift rates that exceed rates of channel incision along the entire margin of the QinghaiTibetan Plateau. Highest relief towards the south reflects extensive fluvial incision. High relief is also prominent along major active faults. Erosion patterns are related to distance from knickpoints. Highest rates of erosion and incision are evident towards the south, with decreasing values towards the north, suggesting a link between tectonic activity and erosion.

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Comparative assessment of three approaches for deriving stream power plots along long profiles in the upper Hunter River catchment, New South Wales, Australia

Cited by 89 publications

References 17 publications

Spatial analysis of stream power using GIS: SLk anomaly maps

Spatial analysis of stream power using GIS: SLk anomaly maps

Alluvial terrace preservation in the Wet Tropics, northeast Queensland, Australia

Analysis of longitudinal profiles along the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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