Comparative Biology of Three Cereal Aphids on Tam 107 Wheat

Qureshi, Jawwad A.; Michaud, J. P.

doi:10.1603/0046-225x-34.1.27

Cited by 22 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The preference of stem and lower leaves as the initial and preferred feeding sites also was found in the bird cherry-oat aphid and greenbug (Leather andLehti 1982, Qureshi andMichaud 2005). This pattern of within-plant distribution was thought to have important adaptive consequences for the aphids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…If preconditioning degraded the food quality for the greenbugs, aphid performance on the preconditioned Þrst leaf should be poorer (lower aphid density) than on the control plant, which was not found in this study. In fact, the greenbugs are able to modify the feeding sites (Burd 2002) and to change the composition of the phloem sap (e.g., increase free amino acids) to their beneÞt , Sandstrom et al 2000, Qureshi and Michaud 2005. The ability of greenbugs to improve nutrition quality locally may be the reason why there was an "induced susceptibility" in the Þrst 2 d on the Þrst leaf of preconditioned resistant plants (see below).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a susceptible wheat cultivar, the fecundity of biotype E greenbugs was increased by preconditioning (previous infestation) with the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), but not with biotype E greenbug (Formusoh et al 1992). However, nymphs of greenbug biotype I developed faster than their mother, when they developed in small colonies of siblings or in solitude on the maternal plants preconditioned by their mother during the course of her development from Þrst instar to reproductive maturity (Qureshi and Michaud 2005). During a seven-hour monitoring of greenbug feeding behavior on a resistant barley, Hordeum vulgare L., genotype, Hays et al (1999) found that the resistance gene conferred an inducible form of resistance that can be trigged by plant recognition of an avirulent greenbug biotype.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Induced Resistance to Greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae) Herbivory in Preconditioned Resistant and Susceptible near Isogenic Plants of Wheat

Weng

Michels

Lazar

et al. 2005

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Interactions between biotype E greenbugs, Schizaphis graminum (Rodani), and two near isogenic lines of the greenbug resistance gene Gb3 of wheat, Triticum aestivum L., were examined for 62 d after infestation. By comparing aphid performance and host responses on control and greenbug-preconditioned plants, we demonstrated that systemic resistance to greenbug herbivory was inducible in the resistant genotype with varying intensities and effectiveness in different parts of the plants. Preconditioning of susceptible plants resulted in modification of within-plant aphid distribution and reduction of cumulative greenbug densities, but it showed no effect on reducing greenbug feeding damage to host plant. Preconditioning of resistant plants altered greenbug population dynamics by reducing the size and buffering the fluctuation of the aphid population. Preconditioning in the first (oldest) leaf of the resistant plant had no phenotypically detectable effect in the stem and induced susceptibility locally in the first leaf within the first 2 d after infestation. The preconditioning-induced resistance reduced greenbug density, delayed aphid density peaks and extended the life of younger leaves in resistant plants. Expression of induced resistance was spatially and temporally dynamic within the plant, which occurred more rapidly, was longer in duration, and stronger in intensity in younger leaves. Host resistance gene-mediated induced resistance was effective in lowering greenbug performance and reducing damage from greenbug herbivory in host plants. Results from this study supported the optimal defense theory regarding within-plant defense allocation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Induced Resistance to Greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae) Herbivory in Preconditioned Resistant and Susceptible near Isogenic Plants of Wheat

Weng

Michels

Lazar

et al. 2005

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“…Although the damage caused by RWA now seems to be under control, it is still important to understand this aphid's population demography. For example, Qureshi & Michaud (2005) compare the biology of RWA with that of the two other cereal aphids, the greenbug [Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)] and bird cherry-oat aphid [Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus)]. They discuss the importance of the differences and especially the interference among the three aphid species in the development and evaluation of new resistant wheat cultivars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Demography and phenology are frequently the focus of studies on aphid ecology and biology (Hentz & Nuessly, 2004;Liu, 2004, McCornack et al, 2004Qureshi & Michaud, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life tables and demographic statistics of Russian wheat aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) reared at different temperatures and on different host plant growth stages

S.¹,

Bechinski²

2009

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. Laboratory experiments were used to investigate the influences of 25 combinations of temperature and barley plant growth stage (5 × 5 factorial combination of temperature and barley plant growth stage) on the development, survival and reproduction of the Russian wheat aphid (RWA), Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko). For each of the 25 treatments, the developmental time and nymphal production of 72 RWA individuals were recorded (1800 RWA in total) throughout their entire lifetimes. The collected data were used for analyzing demography, modelling phenology, and simulating population growth of RWA. In this paper, the results of demographic analyses are reported. Specifically, for each treatment, cohort life tables, reproductive heterogeneity tables (parity and birth intervals), and reproductive schedule tables were constructed, and demographic parameters such as intrinsic rate of increase, life-span, fecundity, life table entropy, etc. calculated. Based on these analyses, the most important summary demographic statistics are reported. Using the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) as an example, a procedure is demonstrated that builds a dynamic rm model by applying the Best Subset Regression approach. A more comprehensive (considering reproductive heterogeneity and schedule tables) yet concise (comprising dynamic rm models) demographic model than that based on standard life table analysis alone is presented.

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Niche construction and niche choice by aphids infesting wheat ears

Bühler,

Schweiger

2024

Oecologia

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The niche of aphids is largely defined by their consumption of plant phloem sap and its composition, including nutrients and specialized metabolites. Niche construction is the change of the environment by organisms, which may influence the fitness of these organisms and their offspring. To better understand interactions between plants and aphids, it is necessary to investigate whether aphids modify the chemical composition of the phloem sap of their host plants and whether conspecifics are affected by previous infestation. In the current study, ears of wheat (Triticum aestivum) plants were infested with clonal lineages of the English grain aphid (Sitobion avenae) or were left uninfested. The metabolic composition of ear phloem sap exudates was analyzed through amino acid profiling and metabolic fingerprinting. Aphids of the clonal lineages were either put on previously aphid-infested or on uninfested ears and their colony sizes followed over time. Furthermore, it was investigated whether aphids choose one treatment group over another. Sitobion avenae infestation affected the relative concentrations of some metabolites in the phloem exudates of the ears. Compared to uninfested plants, the relative concentration of asparagine was higher after aphid infestation. Colonies grew significantly larger on previously aphid-infested ears, which the aphids also clearly chose in the choice experiment. The pronounced positive effect of previous infestation on aphid colonies indicates niche construction, while the choice of these constructed niches reveals niche choice by S. avenae on wheat. The interplay between these different niche realization processes highlights the complexity of interactions between aphids and their hosts.

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Comparative Biology of Three Cereal Aphids on Tam 107 Wheat

Cited by 22 publications

References 25 publications

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Induced Resistance to Greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae) Herbivory in Preconditioned Resistant and Susceptible near Isogenic Plants of Wheat

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Induced Resistance to Greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae) Herbivory in Preconditioned Resistant and Susceptible near Isogenic Plants of Wheat

Life tables and demographic statistics of Russian wheat aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) reared at different temperatures and on different host plant growth stages

Niche construction and niche choice by aphids infesting wheat ears

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