Comparative Cranial Anatomy of Two North American Cretaceous Plesiosaurs

Carpenter, Kenneth

doi:10.1016/b978-012155210-7/50011-9

Cited by 77 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Several natural breaks across the snout of Stenorhynchosaurus show the internal morphology of the rostrum ( Figure 5). A large rostral cavity can be observed similar to those in Libonectes morgani (Carpenter, 1997), Rhomaleosaurus megacephalus (now Atychodracon megacephalus Smith, 2015) (Cruickshank, 1994) and other pliosaurids (Buchy, et al, 2006). In Stenorhynchosaurus, immediately posterior to the internal nares, a dorsal vomeropalatine process is present ( The lateral ramus of the pterygoids is damaged and cannot be completely described.…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Stenorhynchosaurus munozi, gen. et sp. nov. a new pliosaurid from the Upper Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of Villa de Leiva, Colombia, South America

Páramo-Fonseca

Gómez-Pérez²,

Noè³

et al. 2016

Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.

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From one of the most complete Lower Cretaceous rock sequences in the world (in Villa de Leiva region, central Colombia), we describe a new genus and species of pliosaurid plesiosaur Stenorhynchosaurus munozi. Stenorhynchosaurus displays a series of features which differentiate it from all the other Cretaceous pliosaurid genera: the anterior of the vomer, in ventral view, posterior of the palatal premaxilla-maxilla suture, contacting the posterior palatal process of the premaxilla level with the third maxillary alveolus; rostrum narrow and elongated with straight sides in dorsal view; lacrimal forming the anterior border and greater part of the ventral border of the orbit and broadly borders the maxilla anteriorly; anterior interpterygoid vacuity present; internal nares located between vomer and maxilla at the level of 13 th -15 th maxillary alveoli; anterior of rostrum and mandible without lateral expansion or marked increase in size of the functional alveoli; penultimate premaxillary alveolus slightly larger than adjacent premaxillary alveoli; homodont maxillary functional alveoli, with fourth tooth positions very slightly enlarged with respect to the neighboring alveoli; homodont dentary dentition; and epipodials extremely short. Based on morphological analysis of phylogenetic characters, Stenorhynchosaurus most likely nests within the increasingly inclusive Pliosauridae and Pliosauroidea, however, as currently defined, firm inference for referral of Stenorhynchosaurus to Thalassophonea is much more problematic, but ultimately seems likely based on characters shared with Pliosaurus and Brachaucheninae. However, this uncertainty indicates Thalassophonea requires rigorous redefinition. As to whether Stenorhynchosaurus is a member of the currently exclusively Jurassic genus Pliosaurus, or the Cretaceous sub-family Brachaucheninae, remains equivocal. ResumenSe describe un nuevo género y especie de pliosáurido, Stenorhynchosaurus munozi, procedente de una de las secuencias de rocas del Cretácico Inferior más completas del mundo (en la región de Villa de Leiva, centro de Colombia). Stenorhynchosaurus exhibe una serie de características que lo diferencian de los demás géneros de pliosáuridos cretácicos: extremo anterior del vómer en vista ventral en posición posterior a la sutura palatal premaxilar-maxilar, contactando al proceso palatal del premaxilar al nivel del tercer alveolo maxilar; rostro angosto y alargado con lados rectos en vista dorsal; lagrimal formando el borde anterior y gran parte del borde ventral de la órbita y limitando ampliamente el maxilar anteriormente; cavidad inter-pterigoidea presente; narinas internas ubicadas entre el vómer y el maxilar, al nivel de los alvéolos 13 y 15; parte anterior del rostro y de la mandíbula sin expansión lateral o incremento marcado en el tamaño de los alvéolos funcionales; penúltimo alvéolo premaxilar ligeramente más grande que los adyacentes; alvéolos funcionales maxilares homodontes, el cuarto apenas más grande que los adyacentes; dentición dentaria homod...

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Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Stenorhynchosaurus munozi, gen. et sp. nov. a new pliosaurid from the Upper Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of Villa de Leiva, Colombia, South America

Páramo-Fonseca

Gómez-Pérez²,

Noè³

et al. 2016

Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.

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“…Una nueva revisión de los plesiosaurios del Cretácico Superior de América del Norte fue realizada por Carpenter (1996Carpenter ( , 1999, quien produjo una reducción mayor del número de especies, reconociendo como válidas para el WIS (Western Interior Sea) sólo los géneros Elasmosaurus Cope, 1869, Hydralmosaurus Welles, 1943, Styxosaurus Welles, 1943Thalassomedon Welles, 1943 y Libonectes, Carpenter, 1997, dentro de los Elasmosauridae; Brachauchenius Williston, 1903 y Plesiopleurodon Carpenter, 1996 dentro de Pliosauridae, y a Polycotylus Cope, 1869, Dolichorhynchops Williston, 1902 y Trinacromerum, Cragin, 1888 entre los Polycotylidae.…”

Section: Siglo XXunclassified

“…), es útil utilizar los conceptos "plesiosauromorfo" y "pliosauromorfo", los cuales comprenden a los dos morfotipos que corresponden a los grupos Plesiosauroidea y Pliosauroidea de las clasificaciones tradicionales (O'Keefe, 2001a(O'Keefe, , 2002. Por lo tanto, según la hipótesis de Carpenter (1996), el morfotipo "pliosauromorfo" habría evolucionado en dos (Carpenter, 1997) o tres (O'Keefe, 2001a, b) oportunidades dentro del clado Plesiosauria.…”

Section: Segunda Mitad Del Siglo XX -Siglo Xxiunclassified

“…Sobre los frontales hay un par de forámenes de los cuales sólo se ha preservado el margen dorsal. Dichos forámenes están rellenos de sedimento y se proyectan hacia atrás formando el ducto nasal, elemento registrado en otros plesiosurios tales como Libonectes morgani, Edgarosaurus muddi y Nicollssaura borealis (Carpenter, 1997;Druckenmiller, 2002;Druckenmiller y Russell, 2008b). …”

Section: Descripciónunclassified

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New Insights on theAristonectes parvidens(Plesiosauria, Elasmosauridae) Holotype: News on an Old Specimen

O'gorman

2016

Ameghiniana

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“…In Libonectes the teeth are of similar size in the premaxilla, maxilla and dentary, although there is an increase in size for the second and third teeth of the maxilla followed by a slight and continuous reduction in size posteriorly. The teeth of Libonectes are thecodont, comprising simple straight cones (Carpenter 1997), conforming to the smash and pierce guilds of Massare (1987) (Text-fig. 7).…”

Section: The Predatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Mosasauroid predation on an ammonite – Pseudaspidoceras – from the Early Turonian of south-eastern Morocco

Gale¹,

Kennedy²,

Martill³

2017

Acta Geologica Polonica

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ABSTRACT:Gale, A.S., Kennedy, W.J. and Martill, D. 2017. Mosasauroid predation on an ammonite -Pseudaspidoceras -from the Early Turonian of south-eastern Morocco. Acta Geologica Polonica, 67 (1), 31-46. Warszawa.A juvenile specimen of the ammonite Pseudaspidoceras from the Early Turonian of the Goulmima area in the Province of Er-Rachida in south-eastern Morocco shows clear evidence of predation by a tooth-bearing vertebrate. Most of the body chamber is missing, as a result of post-burial compactional crushing. The adapertural part of the shell on the left flank of the surviving fragment of body chamber bears six circular punctuations; the right flank four. These are interpreted as the product of a single bite by a mosasauroid, probably a Tethysaurus.The taxonomy of the Goulmima Pseudaspidoceras is discuused in an appendix.

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Comparative Cranial Anatomy of Two North American Cretaceous Plesiosaurs

Cited by 77 publications

References 15 publications

Stenorhynchosaurus munozi, gen. et sp. nov. a new pliosaurid from the Upper Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of Villa de Leiva, Colombia, South America

Stenorhynchosaurus munozi, gen. et sp. nov. a new pliosaurid from the Upper Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of Villa de Leiva, Colombia, South America

New Insights on theAristonectes parvidens(Plesiosauria, Elasmosauridae) Holotype: News on an Old Specimen

Mosasauroid predation on an ammonite – Pseudaspidoceras – from the Early Turonian of south-eastern Morocco

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