Comparative deposition of erucic acid in rat adrenal and ovarian lipids

Walker, Brian; Atkinson, Susan M.; Zehaluk, Christina M.; Mackey, Mary G.

doi:10.1016/0305-0491(72)90323-9

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In support of this observation, Walker (1972a) reported that greatest deposition of erucic acid occurred in the adrenals and decreasing amounts were found in the plasma, heart, spleen, kidney, erythrocytes, testis and brain of male weanling Wistar rats fed a diet containing HEAR oil or a mixture of ethyl erucate and corn oil (5:1) for 18 weeks. Walker et al (1972) further reported that female weanling Wistar rats maintained for 10 weeks on a diet containing a 5:1 mixture of ethyl erucate and corn oil extensively deposited erucic acid in the cholesteryl ester fraction of adrenals and ovaries, accounting for up to 30% of the total fatty acids. The authors concluded that this effect was related to the high activity of these organs for the synthesis of steroidal hormones.…”

Section: Distribution Of Erucic Acidmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Walker et al. () further reported that female weanling Wistar rats maintained for 10 weeks on a diet containing a 5:1 mixture of ethyl erucate and corn oil extensively deposited erucic acid in the cholesteryl ester fraction of adrenals and ovaries, accounting for up to 30% of the total fatty acids. The authors concluded that this effect was related to the high activity of these organs for the synthesis of steroidal hormones.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Erucic acid in feed and food

Knutsen¹,

Alexander²,

Barregård³

et al. 2016

EFS2

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Erucic acid is the trivial name of the fatty acid cis-13-docosenoic acid and occurs at high concentrations mainly in the seeds of species of the Brassicaceae (e.g. rape seed or mustard seed). The European Commission requested EFSA to deliver a scientific opinion on the risks for animal and human health related to the presence of erucic acid in feed and food. For most humans, the main contributor to dietary exposure to erucic acid was the food group 'Fine bakery wares'. In 'Infants', 'Food for infants and small children' was the main contributor to exposure. The heart is the principal target organ for toxic effects after exposure. Myocardial lipidosis was identified as the critical effect for chronic exposure to erucic acid. This effect is reversible and transient during prolonged exposure. A tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 7 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day for erucic acid was established, based on a no observed adverse effect level of 0.7 g/kg bw per day for lipidosis in young rats and newborn piglets. Mean chronic exposure of the different groups of the population did not exceed the TDI. The two highest 95th percentile dietary exposure levels were observed for infants (ranging from 1.7 to 7.4 mg/kg bw per day, minimum lower bound (LB) -maximum upper bound (UB)) and other children (ranging from 2.1 to 9.5 mg/kg bw per day, minimum LB -maximum UB), the last max UB estimate being above the TDI. This may indicate a risk for young individuals with high erucic acid exposure. In pigs, levels of erucic acid are unlikely to represent a health concern. However, for poultry, the small margin between the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) and the estimated exposure may indicate a health risk where maximum inclusion rates are applied. Due to the absence of adequate data, the risk for ruminants, horses, fish and rabbits could not be assessed.

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Section: Distribution Of Erucic Acidmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%