Comparative Development and Population Growth of an Exotic Stemborer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe), and an Ecologically Similar Congener, C. orichalcociliellus (Strand) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Mbapila, J. C.; Overholt, William A.; Kayumbo, H. Y.

doi:10.1017/s1742758400015022

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In East and Austral Africa stem borer pests are frequently found as a community of species involving the two African noctuids and the invasive crambid pest Chilo partellus (Swinhoe). Comparison of the noctuid life table parameters presented in this study with those of the crambid (Singh, ; Mbapila et al, ; Khadioli et al . in press) shows that the intrinsic rate of increase of the crambid was twice as high within the range 20–31°C, with an optimum within 28–31°C.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effect of temperature on the life history parameters of noctuid lepidopteran stem borers, Busseola fusca and Sesamia calamistis

Khadioli

Tonnang

Ong’amo

et al. 2014

Annals of Applied Biology

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The influence of temperature on the development, mortality, fecundity and life table parameters of two important noctuid African cereal pests, Busseola fusca and Sesamia calamistis was investigated under laboratory conditions. Experiments were carried out with larvae reared on artificial diet under eight constant temperatures (12 ∘ C, 15 ∘ C, 18 ∘ C, 20 ∘ C, 25 ∘ C, 28 ∘ C, 30 ∘ C and 35 ∘ C) and a 12L:12D photoperiod. Life table parameters were calculated using Insect Life Cycle Modelling (ILCYM) software. At 12 ∘ C and 35 ∘ C insects failed to develop. Mean development time for both species decreased with increasing temperature for all stages. Between 15 ∘ C and 30 ∘ C, mean larvae development time is divided by four for both species and adult mean longevity is divided by 1.5 and 2.5, for both sexes of S. calamistis and B. fusca, respectively. Fecundity varied according to temperature; the highest was estimated at 22 ∘ C and 24 ∘ C for B. fusca and S. calamistis, respectively. The lower thermal threshold for B. fusca and S. calamistis was, respectively, 6 ∘ C and 9 ∘ C, while the upper thermal threshold was 31 ∘ C and 32 ∘ C, respectively. The highest intrinsic rate of natural increase for B. fusca was obtained at 25 ∘ C while for S. calamistis it was obtained at 28 ∘ C. The highest net reproduction was obtained at 25 ∘ C for both species, but it was higher for S. calamistis than for B. fusca. The shortest population doubling time was observed at 25 ∘ C for B. fusca and at 28 ∘ C for S. calamistis. The optimum temperature range for development of both species was 25-28 ∘ C. The lower lower thermal threshold found for B. fusca than for S. calamistis and the higher upper thermal threshold found for S. calamistis than for B. fusca explain in part the observed distribution of both species in sub-Saharan Africa with S. calamistis occurring in all the agro-ecological zones but being usually more common than B. fusca in savannah lowland and B. fusca reported mainly from mid and high altitude areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effect of temperature on the life history parameters of noctuid lepidopteran stem borers, Busseola fusca and Sesamia calamistis

Khadioli

Tonnang

Ong’amo

et al. 2014

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…As a result of its short life cycle, C. partellus may have more generations per year, as well as rapid population growth, suggesting its likely dominance over other stemborer species. Furthermore, the short generation time of C. partellus may confer the species with a superior competitive advantage over its competitors through its higher potential rate of increase (Kfir, ; Mbapila et al ., ; Dejen et al ., ) and rapid development (Reitz & Trumble, ), which may possibly give it a numerical advantage (Sujay et al ., ). Up to six generations of C. partellus can occur per year (Panwar, ) and this may be even higher given the increase in mean temperatures with global change.…”

Section: Competitive Displacement Of Indigenous Stemborer Speciesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This confers a survival and comparative advantage of C. partellus on key behavioural traits relative to other indigenous stemborer species. Previous studies reported a mean development time of approximately 48 days (25 °C) for C. partellus reared on artificial diet (Mbapila et al ., ; Khadioli et al ., ). However, the total developmental time of B. fusca was 72.56 and 52.6 days, respectively, at 25 and 26–30 °C (Khadioli et al ., ; Glatz et al ., ) and that of S. calamistis was 64.81 days at 25 °C (Table ) (Khadioli et al ., ).…”

Section: Competitive Displacement Of Indigenous Stemborer Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This success may be attributed to differences in its thermal biology compared with that of other related stemborers: C. orichalcociliellus , B. fusca , S. calamistis and E. saccharina . The life cycle of C. partellus is highly temperature dependent (Ofomata et al ., ; Mbapila et al ., ), taking approximately 3–4 weeks at an optimum temperature of 30 °C (Kfir, ; Khadioli et al ., ) (Table ). However, for some indigenous stemborers, life cycles range from 6 to 12 weeks, with E. saccharina having the longest life cycle of 8–12 weeks at 27 ± 2 °C (Table ).…”

Section: Competitive Displacement Of Indigenous Stemborer Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dominance of spotted stemborer Chilo partellusSwinhoe (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) over indigenous stemborer species in Africa's changing climates: ecological and thermal biology perspectives

Mutamiswa

Chidawanyika

Nyamukondiwa

2017

Agri and Forest Entomology

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1 Africa hosts several economically significant lepidopteran cereal stemborer species belonging to the Crambidae, Noctuidae and Pyralidae families. The invasive spotted stemborer (Chilo partellus Swinhoe), which is native to Asia, is one of the most damaging cereal stemborers in Africa. The impact of C. partellus on indigenous stemborer species remains unclear, although recent work demonstrates its increasing ecological influence and numerical advantage over Sesamia calamistis and Busseola fusca in African landscapes. 2 In the present study, we discuss C. partellus dominance under Africa's changing climates and highlight the ecological and thermal physiological factors that may contribute to its dominance over indigenous stemborer species. Chilo partellus is an efficient colonizer and competitor and may have an advantage under limited resources typical under climate change. Its invasion potential may also probably stem from its short generation time, overwintering physiology, temperature and relative humidity resilience, wide host preferences, and asynchrony with its biocontrol agents. 3 Using laboratory experiments, we show that C. partellus has a high basal temperature tolerance and related plasticity compared with S. calamistis and B. fusca. These results indicate that ecophysiology may determine invasion success and thus may explain the relative invasion advantage of C. partellus in African landscapes. 4 We recommend that future climate change work be directed towards more comprehensive stemborer total ecology research, stemborer thermal biology and implications on the efficacy of biocontrol. Specifically, knowledge of stemborer-natural enemy evolutionary potential is vital for understanding how climate change and variability may shape host-natural enemy interactions, with implications for pest forecasts, prediction models and pest management.

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“…In Kenya, maize stem borers accounts for 13.5% annual losses, but damage depends on the maize variety and the stage of attack (De Groote, 2002). Chilo partellus Swinhoe (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a highly invasive stem borer, has become the most important maize stem borer in Kenya since its introduction in the 1930s (Mbapila, Overholt, & Kayumbo, 2002). In a stem borer distribution study done in Kenya, about 54 % of the recovered larvae were C.partellus Swinhoe (Crambidae), 40% Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Noctuidae), 4% Sesamia calamistis Hampson (Noctuidae) and 1% Chilo orichalcociliellus (Strand) (Crambidae), the rest were minor borer species (Ong'amo et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms and Sources of Resistance in Tropical Maize Inbred Lines to Chilo partellus Stem Borers

Munyiri¹,

Mugo²,

Otim³

et al. 2013

JAS

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Developing maize with durable resistance to maize stem borers could be enhanced by identifying genotypes with different mechanisms of resistance and pyramiding the resistances into high yielding genotypes. This study was carried out on 120 CIMMYT tropical maize inbred lines to identify the most important mechanisms of resistance that could be used to discriminate the germplasm into resistant or susceptible categories. The experiment was laid in an α-lattice design, and replicated three times during the 2011/12 seasons. Traits measured were leaf toughness, stem penetrometer resistance, trichome density, stem sugar content, leaf damage, number of stem exit holes and stem cumulative tunnel length. A selection index was computed and categorized the 120 inbred lines into 33 resistant, 29 moderately resistant, 31 moderately susceptible and 27 susceptible. The most resistant lines were those derived from the CIMMYT multiple borer-resistant populations with CKSBL10039 being most resistant and CML395 most susceptible with indices of 0.49 and 1.84, respectively. Trichome density, leaf toughness and stem sugar content in that order were the most important traits in discriminating the lines into resistance and susceptible categories. More research is needed to classify the specific types of trichomes and sugars present in both resistant and susceptible inbred lines.

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Comparative Development and Population Growth of an Exotic Stemborer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe), and an Ecologically Similar Congener, C. orichalcociliellus (Strand) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of temperature on the life history parameters of noctuid lepidopteran stem borers, Busseola fusca and Sesamia calamistis

Effect of temperature on the life history parameters of noctuid lepidopteran stem borers, Busseola fusca and Sesamia calamistis

Dominance of spotted stemborer Chilo partellusSwinhoe (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) over indigenous stemborer species in Africa's changing climates: ecological and thermal biology perspectives

Mechanisms and Sources of Resistance in Tropical Maize Inbred Lines to Chilo partellus Stem Borers

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