Comparative development of Echinococcus multilocularis in its definitive hosts

Thompson, R. C. A.; Kapel, Christian M. O.; Hobbs, R.P.; Deplazes, Peter

doi:10.1017/s0031182005009625

Cited by 53 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Unlike cats, in which infection is very limited , Thompson et al 2006, Umhang et al 2015, the dog is an adequate host for the development of the mature forms of E. multilocularis: the time and intensity of the excretion of tapeworm eggs by infected dogs were comparable to the results obtained for foxes and raccoon dogs .…”

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confidence: 72%

First detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in dogs in a highly endemic area of Poland

Karamon¹,

Samorek-Pieróg²,

Kochanowski³

et al. 2016

FOLIA PARASIT

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Abstract:The aim of the investigation was to estimate the epizootic situation concerning infection by the cestode Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 in dogs (Canis lupus familiaris Linnaeus) from a Polish region where this parasite is highly prevalent in red foxes. Faecal samples (n = 148) were collected from rural dogs in Podkarpackie Province. Samples were examined through nested PCR (for E. multilocularis), multiplex PCR (E. multilocularis, species of Taenia Linnaeus, 1758) and PCR [E. granulosus (Batsch, 1786)]. Specific products were sequenced. Faeces were also examined coproscopically. In samples from two dogs (1.4%), there were positive PCR results for E. multilocularis. Taenia-specific PCR products were found in nine dogs (6.1%). Sequencing identified Taenia serialis (Gervais, 1847), T. hydatigena Pallas, 1766, T. pisiformis (Bloch, 1780) and Hydatigera taeniaeformis (Batsch, 1786). One sample (0.7%) was identified as Mesocestoides litteratus (Batsch, 1786). All samples were negative for E. granulosus with PCR. Taking into account coproscopic and PCR results, 28% of dogs were infected with helminths (8% with tapeworms). It should be stressed that one of the infected with E. multilocularis dogs shed eggs of the Taenia type and had a habit of preying on rodents. This investigation revealed the presence of E. multilocularis in dogs for the first time in Poland.

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confidence: 72%

First detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in dogs in a highly endemic area of Poland

Karamon¹,

Samorek-Pieróg²,

Kochanowski³

et al. 2016

FOLIA PARASIT

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“…In contrast to the red fox, which is a native species, raccoon dogs were introduced from the Far East and are currently among the most common wild carnivores in Baltic countries (Kowalczyk, 2006). Recent experimental studies have shown that raccoon dogs are highly susceptible to intestinal E. multilocularis infections ; Thompson et al 2006). Natural helminth infections have also been documented in several studies in Europe (Machnicka-Rowinska et al 2002;Shimalov and Shimalov, 2002; Kirjušina, M. unpublished data in Bagrade et al 2008;Hurnikova et al 2009;Schwarz et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Helminths of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Lithuania

Bružinskaitė-Schmidhalter

et al. 2011

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S U M M A R YRed foxes and raccoon dogs are hosts for a wide range of parasites including important zoonotic helminths. The raccoon dog has recently invaded into Europe from the east. The contribution of this exotic species to the epidemiology of parasitic diseases, particularly parasitic zoonoses is unknown. The helminth fauna and the abundance of helminth infections were determined in 310 carcasses of hunted red foxes and 99 of raccoon dogs from Lithuania. Both species were highly infected with Alaria alata (94·8% and 96·5% respectively) and Trichinella spp. (46·6% and 29·3%). High and significantly different prevalences in foxes and raccoon dogs were found for Eucoleus aerophilus (97·1% and 30·2% respectively), Crenosoma vulpis (53·8% and 15·1%), Capillaria plica (93·3% and 11·3%), C. putorii (29·4% and 51·5%), Toxocara canis (40·5% and 17·6%) and Uncinaria stenocephala (76·9% and 98·8%). The prevalences of the rodent-transmitted cestodes Echinococcus multilocularis, Taenia polyacantha, T. crassiceps and Mesocestoides spp. were significantly higher in foxes than in raccoon dogs. The abundances of E. multilocularis, Mesocestoides, Taenia, C. plica and E. aerophilus were higher in foxes than those in raccoon dogs. A. alata, U. stenocephala, C. putorii and Echinostomatidae had higher abundances in raccoon dogs. The difference in prevalence and abundance of helminths in both animals may reflect differences in host ecology and susceptibility. The data are consistent with red foxes playing a more important role than raccoon dogs in the transmission of E. multilocularis in Lithuania.

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“…In nature this zoonosis involves different mammalian hosts: carnivores ( (32), and a wide spectrum of rodents are intermediate hosts (34). Humans who are accidentally infected serve as intermediate hosts and may develop AE after a long incubation period (8,33).…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessment of Use of Microsatellite Polymorphism Analysis for Improving Spatial Distribution Tracking of Echinococcus multilocularis

et al. 2007

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Alveolar echinococcosis (AE)-caused by the cestode Echinococcus multilocularis-is a severe zoonotic disease found in temperate and arctic regions of the northern hemisphere. Even though the transmission patterns observed in different geographical areas are heterogeneous, the nuclear and mitochondrial targets usually used for the genotyping of E. multilocularis have shown only a marked genetic homogeneity in this species. We used microsatellite sequences, because of their high typing resolution, to explore the genetic diversity of E. multilocularis. Four microsatellite targets (EmsJ, EmsK, and EmsB, which were designed in our laboratory, and NAK1, selected from the literature) were tested on a panel of 76 E. multilocularis samples (larval and adult stages) obtained from Alaska, Canada, Europe, and Asia. Genetic diversity for each target was assessed by size polymorphism analysis. With the EmsJ and EmsK targets, two alleles were found for each locus, yielding two and three genotypes, respectively, discriminating European isolates from the other groups. With NAK1, five alleles were found, yielding seven genotypes, including those specific to Tibetan and Alaskan isolates. The EmsB target, a tandem repeated multilocus microsatellite, found 17 alleles showing a complex pattern. Hierarchical clustering analyses were performed with the EmsB findings, and 29 genotypes were identified. Due to its higher genetic polymorphism, EmsB exhibited a higher discriminatory power than the other targets. The complex EmsB pattern was able to discriminate isolates on a regional and sectoral level, while avoiding overdistinction. EmsB will be used to assess the putative emergence of E. multilocularis in Europe.

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Comparative development of Echinococcus multilocularis in its definitive hosts

Cited by 53 publications

References 26 publications

First detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in dogs in a highly endemic area of Poland

First detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in dogs in a highly endemic area of Poland

Helminths of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Lithuania

Assessment of Use of Microsatellite Polymorphism Analysis for Improving Spatial Distribution Tracking of Echinococcus multilocularis

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