Comparative ecology of nuclear waste ponds and streams on the Hanford Site

Emery, Richard M.; McShane, M.C.

doi:10.2172/6552316

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Thus no specific element K d values could be calculated. Emery and McShane (1978) found no evidence that radiation dose at these facilities were limiting the algal, plant or animal communities present even though calculated maximum dose rates reached 1 R per week and maximum gross beta levels reach values of 10 4 pCi/L in the water.…”

Section: Plutoniummentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Thus, the observed in-situ K d value may be inflated over situations where the source is dissolved contaminants in waste waters. Emery and McShane (1978) describe detailed limnological and ecological studies at several Hanford ponds and ditches however only data on gross alpha and gross beta are presented for concentrations in sediments and waters. Thus, no specific element K d values could be calculated.…”

Section: Americiummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kd Values for Agricultural and Surface Soils for Use in Hanford Site Farm, Residential, and River Shoreline Scenarios

Serne¹

2007

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SummaryThis report provides best estimate K d values and a minimum and maximum range of K d values to be used for agricultural soils and Columbia River bank sediments that exist today or would exist in the future when portions of the Hanford Site are released for farming, residential, and recreational use after the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) completes clean up of defense waste on the site. The K d values should be used to determine the fate and transport rates of contaminants and their availability for plant and animal uptake in selected non-groundwater scenarios included in Hanford Site environmental impact statements, risk assessments and specific facility performance assessments.This report describes scenarios such as a small farm where drilling of a well inadvertently goes through buried waste and brings waste to the surface, allowing the tailings to become available for direct human exposure or incorporation into garden crops and farm animals used for food by the farm family. The K d values recommended in this report can also be used to calculate sediment-water partitioning factors used to predict plant and animal uptake from interaction with the contaminated soil.The values recommended herein should not be used to predict exposure to contaminants in drinking water or from water used for irrigation. For the waterborne scenarios, K d values recommended in Last et al. (2004) and Krupka et al. (2004) should be used because they better predict the distribution and mobility of contaminants in water.Other non-groundwater scenarios include (1) recreational or native American use of the Columbia River bank that exposes humans to contaminants adsorbed to the river bank sediments, (2) contaminants transferred from sediments to plants or animals that reside along the Columbia River bank, and (3) any other scenario that requires estimation of soil-to-plant or soil-to-animal transfer parameters that are often calculated based on soil K d values.For these non-groundwater exposure scenarios, choosing a larger K d value from available values will be "conservative" in the sense that large K d values keep the contaminant available longer (retains more contaminants in the soils) such that exposure to humans or incorporation into animals and plants is maximized. Therefore, the K d values in this report are slightly biased to keep the contaminants near the ground surface for longer time periods. Upon exposure to water or by direct contact, the contaminated near-surface soils allow more opportunity for direct exposure and incorporation into plant matter and animals.The following contaminants of concern were the focus of the search: americium,

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Section: Plutoniummentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Americiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Kd Values for Agricultural and Surface Soils for Use in Hanford Site Farm, Residential, and River Shoreline Scenarios

Serne¹

2007

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“…Today, the doughnut-shaped pond covers an area of approximately 5.7 ha; with a mean depth of 0.4 m, its volume . is estimated at 22,700 m3 (Emery and McShane 1978).…”

Section: -U-10 Pondmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discharge from the 242-S Evaporator is waste cooling water, which supplies a significant heat load to the pond. Water from the U-14 Ditch provides a large source There areno outletsfrom U-Pond;95% of the water loss is by percolation (Emery andKlopfer 1974;Emery and McShane 1978). The depthof the pond ranges from0.3 to 1.8 m and the sediments range from 0 to 40 cm thick.…”

Section: Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

216-U-10 Pond and 216-Z-19 Ditch characterization studies

Duncan¹,

Graham²,

Hall³

et al. 1994

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provided additional unpublish_ data and answered many questions early in the study. D. W. Duncan assisted the statistical review and interpretation of the geologic data and aided preparation and editing of this document. D. E. Conover and T. L. Liikala also aided in the preparation of this document. G. W. Givan and the Environmental Monitoring Unit supplied all Radiation Monitoring support and assisted in the collection of samples. Gratitude is also expressed to the many individuals whose work has been included in this document but could not be referenced. Special thanks are extended to G. L. Wagenaar and T. J. Wood for their dedication and innovative ideas in solving unique sampling problems, and to L. L. Weaver for his dedication in taking and interpreting in situ analyses.

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“…At the time of the Eberhardt study, the 200 Area had two major sources of water for deer in B Pond and Gable Mountain pond (West Lake is too saline for a viable drinking water source for wildlife [Poston et al 1991;Poston and Cooper 19941). Essentially, no tree grew around the 200 Area except a few willows, poplars, or cottonwoods around the aquatic waste sites (Emery and McShane 1978) and some small fruit or ornamental trees planted by military personnel in areas once used as military camps. In contrast, the riparian zone along the Columbia River contains numerous trees, and the abandoned agricultural areas associated with White Bluffs and the Hanford Townsite have numerous shade or orchard trees.…”

Section: Animal Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%