Comparative effectiveness of exenatide once‐weekly versus liraglutide in routine clinical practice: A retrospective multicentre study and meta‐analysis of observational studies

Abstract

In this study, we retrospectively compared the effectiveness of exenatide once‐weekly (ExeOW) versus liraglutide in non‐insulin treated patients with type 2 diabetes followed under routine care. We also present a meta‐analysis of similar observational studies available in the literature. In our multicentre retrospective study, patients initiating ExeOW ( n = 204) or liraglutide ( n = 410) had similar baseline clinical characteristics. Change in HbA1c at 6 months was superimposable in the two groups (−0.7% ± 1.0%), and changes in body weight were also similar (ExeOW ‐2.2 ± 3.7 kg; liraglutide −2.5 ± 4.3 kg; p = 0.457). Discontinuation rates were numerically but not significantly lower for ExeOW versus liraglutide. Pooling these data with those of observational studies available in the literature yielded superimposable effects between the two groups for the change in HbA1c and body weight, with a higher risk of discontinuation (mainly based on pharmacy refill rates) for ExeOW. We conclude that, in patients under routine care, initiation of ExeOW provides similar benefits on HbA1c and body weight as initiation of liraglutide. These data help view the results of randomized controlled trials from the perspective of their application in routine clinical practice.

Similar effectiveness of dapagliflozin and GLP‐1 receptor agonists concerning combined endpoints in routine clinical practice: A multicentre retrospective study

“…Updated information was collected concerning HbA1c, BW, BP and medications at the end of follow‐up, which was set as the date of the first visit between 3 and 12 months after baseline. Detailed information concerning drug dosages was not available, but a previous analysis of the DARWIN‐T2D study estimated the final dose of liraglutide to be closer to 1.2 mg than to 1.8 mg . Dispensing information was also not available.…”

“…Certain combined endpoints have become popular in diabetes phase III RCTs, typically the achievement of HbA1c targets without hypoglycaemia and weight gain . However, most RCTs continue to focus primarily on glycaemic endpoints or tend to consider BW and BP separately.…”

“…Certain combined endpoints have become popular in diabetes phase III RCTs, typically the achievement of HbA1c targets without hypoglycaemia and weight gain. 14 However, most RCTs continue to focus primarily on glycaemic endpoints or tend to consider BW and BP separately. Yet, since publication of the groundbreaking results of the STENO-2 study, it has become clear that simultaneously targeting multiple risk factors dramatically improves the micro-and macrovascular outcomes.…”

Fixed versus flexible combination of GLP‐1 receptor agonists with basal insulin in type 2 diabetes: A retrospective multicentre comparative effectiveness study

“…A dedicated software was developed to extract all relevant anonymized patient information for placement into a clinical research form without manual intervention. Suitability of this data collection approach for performing real‐world comparative effectiveness studies has been demonstrated extensively …”

“…Suitability of this data collection approach for performing real-world comparative effectiveness studies has been demonstrated extensively. [19][20][21][22] The study was promoted by the University Hospital of Padova and approved by the respective ethical committees of each participating centre. As data were anonymized at time of automatic extraction, making patient re-identification impossible, no informed consent was required according to national regulations concerning retrospective studies.…”