Comparative effectiveness of verbal instruction versus video-based education (VIVid) among family caregivers for improving the quality of life in advanced head and neck cancer patients receiving palliative care in Eastern India: a randomized controlled trial

Comparison of palliative care education for family caregivers in high-and-low-income countries: An integrative review

“…Out of the eleven studies, seven were from HICs, namely Australia (Hudson et al, 2015 ; Hudson et al, 2005 ), America (Schulman-Green et al, 2023 ), China (Li et al, 2019 ; Yanwei et al, 2018 ), France (Belgacem et al, 2013 ) and Sweden (Holm et al, 2016 ). Meanwhile, four studies were from LICs, namely India (Narayanan et al, 2023 ), Indonesia (Kristanti et al, 2017 ), Uganda (Kizza & Muliira, 2019 ) and Iran (Shohani et al, 2018 ). All studies from HICs used RCT, and the two studies that used quasi-experiments were from LICs ( Table 3 ).…”

“…In the HICs, training programs for family caregivers were about psycho-education (Holm et al, 2016 ; Hudson et al, 2015 ; Hudson et al, 2005 ), wellness education (Li et al, 2019 ; Yanwei et al, 2018 ), managing cancer care using caregivers’ guides (Schulman-Green et al, 2023 ), and providing nursing care to patients (Belgacem et al, 2013 ). Meanwhile, in the LICs, training programs were about basic care training for caregivers (Kristanti et al, 2017 ), pain management (Kizza & Muliira, 2019 ), palliative care training (Shohani et al, 2018 ), and education programs using video (Narayanan et al, 2023 ). Only four studies (Holm et al, 2016 ; Hudson et al, 2015 ; Hudson et al, 2005 ; Schulman-Green et al, 2023 ), all from HICs, utilized a theoretical framework to develop their educational programs.…”

“…Apart from three studies that did not mention the education tool (Holm et al, 2016 ; Li et al, 2019 ; Yanwei et al, 2018 ), the majority of programs used modules as educational tools (Hudson et al, 2005 ; Kizza & Muliira, 2019 ; Kristanti et al, 2017 ; Schulman-Green et al, 2023 ). One study used only video (Narayanan et al, 2023 ). Two studies combined modules with video (Kristanti et al, 2017 ) and audio (Hudson et al, 2015 ).…”

“…All programs lasted between three weeks (Holm et al, 2016 ; Narayanan et al, 2023 ), four weeks (Hudson et al, 2015 ; Hudson et al, 2005 ; Kristanti et al, 2017 ), five weeks (Belgacem et al, 2013 ), eight weeks (Schulman-Green et al, 2023 ; Yanwei et al, 2018 ) and 12 weeks (Kizza & Muliira, 2019 ; Shohani et al, 2018 ). The average duration is between 15 and 60 minutes.…”

“…Studies in HICs, namely China (Li et al, 2019 ; Yanwei et al, 2018 ) and Sweden (Holm et al, 2016 ) involved multidisciplinary teams. Two programs in LICs involved only nurses, one study in Uganda involved volunteers, and a study from India involved a multidisciplinary team (Narayanan et al, 2023 ).…”