Comparative effects of an acute dose of fish oil on omega-3 fatty acid levels in red blood cells versus plasma: Implications for clinical utility

Harris, William S.; Varvel, Stephen A.; Pottala, James V.; Warnick, G. Russell; McConnell, Joseph P.

doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2013.05.001

Cited by 81 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…As a second difference, many studies used plasma omega-3 PUFA concentrations to estimate PUFA exposure, whereas we measured the omega-3 PUFA content in RBC membranes. Plasma PUFA concentrations are indicative of PUFA intake over a few days to weeks prior to sample collection only, and are more promptly affected by any PUFA intake within the 24 h prior to collection than the concentrations in RBC membranes (Hodson et al 2009;Harris et al 2013). This means that the plasma levels of PUFAs are more prone to reflect only the short-term fluctuations in the diet than the RBC membrane PUFA concentration (Harris et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plasma PUFA concentrations are indicative of PUFA intake over a few days to weeks prior to sample collection only, and are more promptly affected by any PUFA intake within the 24 h prior to collection than the concentrations in RBC membranes (Hodson et al 2009;Harris et al 2013). This means that the plasma levels of PUFAs are more prone to reflect only the short-term fluctuations in the diet than the RBC membrane PUFA concentration (Harris et al 2013). Information on RBC membrane PUFA levels can therefore be considered as more accurate because it reflects PUFA intake over a period of several months, with less biological variability than plasma PUFAs (Harris 2007;Harris and Thomas 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Omega-3 fatty acid levels in red blood cell membranes and physical decline over 3 years: longitudinal data from the MAPT study

et al. 2017

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Studies have shown that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are associated with brain, cardiovascular, and immune function, as well as physical performance and bone health in older adults. So far, few studies have investigated the associations between PUFA status and performancebased tests of physical function. The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between the omega-3 PUFA levels (eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) in red blood cell (RBC) membranes and physical performance, in a sample of community-dwelling older adults. This is a longitudinal observational study using data from the Multidomain Alzheimer's Disease Trial (MAPT), a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Four hundred participants from MAPT placebo group with available PUFA data were included. Omega-3 PUFA levels in RBC membranes were measured at baseline, and their percentage of total RBC membrane fatty acid content was calculated. We dichotomized the standardized omega-3 PUFA levels in RBC membranes as low (lowest quartile) vs. high (three upper quartiles). Gait speed (in m/s) and short physical performance battery (SPPB) score (range from 0 to 12, higher is better) were used to assess physical performance at baseline and after 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. Participants were 75.2 (± 4.3) years old and 68% were female. Bivariate analyses found that the characteristic of the participants in the lowest quartile of omega-3 PUFA levels (Q1) and those in the three upper quartiles (Q2-Q4) was not different at baseline; only those in Q1 were slightly older. In an unadjusted model, the difference in gait speed after 3 years of follow-up was significant (− 0.09 ± 0.03 m/s; p = 0.008) between participants in Q1 and those in Q2-Q4. In a model adjusted for age, gender, educational level, cognitive function, depressive status, body mass index, physical activity, grip strength, and their time interaction, this difference remained clinically relevant (− 0.07 ± 0.04 m/s; p = 0.075). No difference between the two groups was found for the SPPB score development over 3 years. Older adults with subjective memory complaints and in the lower quartile of omega-3 have a faster decline on gait speed compared to people in the three upper quartiles. Other longitudinal studies are needed to explore this association and to examine mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Omega-3 fatty acid levels in red blood cell membranes and physical decline over 3 years: longitudinal data from the MAPT study

et al. 2017

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“…The dosages of EPA and DHA in these previous studies [31][32][33][34] were about 10 -50 times higher than our dosage. In addition, a single time measurement for determining high concentration levels of EPA, DHA, and AA was performed for clinical purposes.…”

Section: Application To Obtain Time-concentration Profiles Of Epa Dhcontrasting

confidence: 71%

Determination of Eicosapentaenoic, Docosahexaenoic, and Arachidonic Acids in Human Plasma by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection

et al. 2016

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A high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD) system was developed for the simultaneous determination of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and arachidonic acid (AA) in human plasma. In the present HPLC-ECD system, EPA, DHA, and AA were separated using a reverse-phase C30 column and detected based on the voltammetric reduction of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-1,2-benzoquinone (DBBQ). Chromatographic peak areas were proportional to the concentration of EPA, DHA, and AA from 0.75 μM to 0.1 mM (r > 0.998). The concentrations of EPA, DHA, and AA in plasma from healthy human subjects after overnight fasting were determined, and the ratio of EPA to AA was obtained by the present HPLC-ECD method, which required 40 μL of human plasma and a simple procedure of sample preparation using diethyl ether extraction. Moreover, changes in EPA, DHA, and AA concentrations in a human subject were monitored before and after fish oil supplement administration by the present HPLC-ECD system.

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“…In a population, plasma % and RBC % are strongly correlated 31 ; however, omega-3 RBC % has the advantage of lower within-person variability than plasma %, and resistance to a single large dose of fish oil. 38,39 Although the omega-3 index was measured only once 8 years before the MRI scan, it should be stable in subjects who did not alter/initiate fish oil supplementation. This was shown in 250 Framingham Offspring participants with levels measured 7 years apart.…”

Section: E2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher RBC EPA + DHA corresponds with larger total brain and hippocampal volumes

et al. 2014

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Objective: To test whether red blood cell (RBC) levels of marine omega-3 fatty acids measured in the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study were related to MRI brain volumes measured 8 years later.Methods: RBC eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and MRI brain volumes were assessed in 1,111 postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study. The endpoints were total brain volume and anatomical regions. Linear mixed models included multiple imputations of fatty acids and were adjusted for hormone therapy, time since randomization, demographics, intracranial volume, and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Results:In fully adjusted models, a 1 SD greater RBC EPA 1 DHA (omega-3 index) level was correlated with 2.1 cm 3 larger brain volume (p 5 0.048). DHA was marginally correlated (p 5 0.063) with total brain volume while EPA was less so (p 5 0.11). There were no correlations between ischemic lesion volumes and EPA, DHA, or EPA 1 DHA. A 1 SD greater omega-3 index was correlated with greater hippocampal volume (50 mm 3 , p 5 0.036) in fully adjusted models. Comparing the fourth quartile vs the first quartile of the omega-3 index confirmed greater hippocampal volume (159 mm 3 , p 5 0.034). Aging is associated with increased risk of dementia and cognitive impairment, with exponentially increasing prevalence expected in the next several decades. 1 Based on data from the Framingham study, a middle-aged woman in North America of European descent has approximately 20% risk of developing dementia of some type in her lifetime, which usually involves Alzheimer disease (AD). Conclusion:2 Reduced brain volume is an important part of the pathology of AD, and hippocampal atrophy is frequently observed before symptomatic impairment. Omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) from marine sources could have an important role in maintaining brain structure and function with advancing age. Approximately 30% to 40% of FAs in gray matter of the cortex are docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 4 and this FA is particularly concentrated in synaptic membranes. 5 However, in white matter, DHA constitutes only 4% of total FAs. 6Patients with AD have been reported to have decreased serum, brain, and neuronal DHA and/or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) compared with controls without dementia. 7-11 DHA levels within plasma phosphatidylcholine, in the highest quartile, were associated with a 40% to 50%

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Comparative effects of an acute dose of fish oil on omega-3 fatty acid levels in red blood cells versus plasma: Implications for clinical utility

Cited by 81 publications

References 60 publications

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Omega-3 fatty acid levels in red blood cell membranes and physical decline over 3 years: longitudinal data from the MAPT study

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Omega-3 fatty acid levels in red blood cell membranes and physical decline over 3 years: longitudinal data from the MAPT study

Determination of Eicosapentaenoic, Docosahexaenoic, and Arachidonic Acids in Human Plasma by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection

Higher RBC EPA + DHA corresponds with larger total brain and hippocampal volumes

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