Comparative effects of glycerol and Urografin on cochlear blood flow and serum osmolarity

Noi, Osamu; Makimoto, Kazuo

doi:10.1016/s0378-5955(98)00099-9

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Additionally, in the first study, the authors could not identify a change in cochlear blood flow with their methodology, and in the second cochlear blood flow was not assessed. However, others have reported that serum osmolality modulates cochlear blood flow and the EP, which can change cochlear function 27–29 . In contrast, we directly changed the perilymph osmolality and demonstrated that the EP did not change during our manipulations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Perilymph Osmolality Modulates Cochlear Function

Choi¹,

Oghalai²

2008

The Laryngoscope

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Objectives/Hypothesis The cochlear amplifier is required for the exquisite sensitivity of mammalian hearing. Outer hair cells underlie the cochlear amplifier and they are unique in that they maintain an intracellular turgor pressure. Changing the turgor pressure of an isolated outer hair cells through osmotic challenge modulates its ability to produce electromotile force. We sought to determine the effect of osmotic challenge on cochlear function. Study Design In vivo animal study. Methods Hypotonic and hypertonic artificial perilymph was perfused through the scala tympani of anesthetized guinea pigs. Cochlear function was assessed by measuring the compound action potential, distortion product otoacoustic emissions, the cochlear microphonic, and the endocochlear potential. Results Hypotonic perilymph decreased and hypertonic perilymph increased compound action potential and distortion product otoacoustic emission thresholds in a dose-dependent and reversible manner. The cochlear microphonic quadratic distortion product magnitude increased after hypotonic perfusion and decreased with hypertonic perfusion. There were no changes in the stimulus intensity growth curve of the low-frequency cochlear microphonic. The endocochlear potential was not affected by perilymph osmolality. Conclusions These data demonstrate that perilymph osmolality can modulate cochlear function and are consistent with what would be expected if outer hair cells turgor pressure changes the gain of the cochlear amplifier in vivo.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Perilymph Osmolality Modulates Cochlear Function

Choi¹,

Oghalai²

2008

The Laryngoscope

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“…Higher doses of mannitol (4 g/Kg and 8 g/Kg, with or without the addition of furosemide) lead, in rats, to a rather high serum osmolarity increase, reaching an average as high as 67 mOsm (Thenuwara et al, 2002). Under experimental conditions in vivo, glycerol infusion leads to average increases in serum osmolarity of 6 mOsm in guinea pigs (Noi and Makimoto, 1998) and of up to 119 mOsm in dogs (Jansson and Rask-Anderson, 1993). Using Urografin® infusion, a 25 mOsm increase in serum osmolarity was obtained in guinea pigs (Noi and Makimoto, 1998).…”

Section: Literature Search On Serum Osmolarity Changes In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Osmotic agent infused Dose Serum osmolarity increase (Cloyd et al, 1986) Humans Mannitol 0.5, 0.7 g/Kg 10 -18 mOsm (Cloyd et al, 1986) Dog Mannitol 0.5, 1, 1.5 g/Kg 43-66 mOsm (Jansson and Rask-Anderson, 1993) Mice Glycerol 1.3, 2.6 and 5.2 g /kg 12-119 mOsm (Manninen et al, 1987) Humans Mannitol 1, 2 g/Kg 32 mOsm (Newman, 1979) Humans Mannitol 2 g/Kg Not reported (Noi and Makimoto, 1998) lower increase of 10 mOsm or less afterwards (Rudehill et al, 1993). Higher doses of mannitol (4 g/Kg and 8 g/Kg, with or without the addition of furosemide) lead, in rats, to a rather high serum osmolarity increase, reaching an average as high as 67 mOsm (Thenuwara et al, 2002).…”

Section: Literature Search On Serum Osmolarity Changes In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

Could Mannitol-Induced Delay of Anoxic Depolarization be Relevant in Stroke Patients?

Balestrino¹,

Adriano²,

Garbati³

2012

Advances in the Preclinical Study of Ischemic Stroke

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“…Under experimental conditions in vivo, glycerol infusion leads to average increases in serum osmolarity of 6 mOsm in guinea pigs (Noi and Makimoto, 1998) and of up to 119 mOsm in dogs (Jansson and Rask-Anderson, 1993). Using Urografin® infusion, a 25 mOsm increase in serum osmolarity was obtained in guinea pigs (Noi and Makimoto, 1998).…”

Section: Literature Search On Serum Osmolarity Changes In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When experimental animals are considered, administration of 1 g/Kg body weight to rats yelded a serum osmolarity increase of 4 mOsm (Thenuwara et al, 2002). In dogs, mannitol administration of 0.5, 1 or 1.5 g/Kg lead to a peak increase (mean±SD) of 43±18, 66±18 and 52±23 mOsm, respectively, during the brief time of the infusion, and to the Paper Animal species Osmotic agent infused Dose Serum osmolarity increase (Cloyd et al, 1986) Humans Mannitol 0.5, 0.7 g/Kg 10 -18 mOsm (Cloyd et al, 1986) Dog Mannitol 0.5, 1, 1.5 g/Kg 43-66 mOsm (Jansson and Rask-Anderson, 1993) Mice Glycerol 1.3, 2.6 and 5.2 g /kg 12-119 mOsm (Manninen et al, 1987) Humans Mannitol 1, 2 g/Kg 32 mOsm (Newman, 1979) Humans Mannitol 2 g/Kg Not reported (Noi and Makimoto, 1998) Guinea pig Glycerol 30-min infusion of 50% glycerol 6 mOsm (Noi and Makimoto, 1998) given in the table are either the numbers provided by the Authors or those obtained by measuring graphs in their papers. In the latter case, the value is obviously less precise.…”

Section: Literature Search On Serum Osmolarity Changes In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Preclinical Study of Ischemic Stroke

Balestrino¹

2012

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Maurizio Balestrino was born in Genoa, Italy, the birthplace of Christopher Columbus and of the blue jeans. He received there the Degree in Medicine and the Diploma of Specialist in Neurology. he was Research Associate in the Department of Physiology at Duke University, where he started an interest in ischemic brain damage. Back in Italy he has always combined clinical responsibilities as a neurologist and experimental research in brain anoxia or ischemia. He is currently Senior Researcher in the Stroke Unit of the University of Genoa, where he also directs the Laboratory of Experimental Neurophysiology. He has been partner or coordinator in national and international research projects aiming at bridging the gap between experimental research and clinical therapy.

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Comparative effects of glycerol and Urografin on cochlear blood flow and serum osmolarity

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Perilymph Osmolality Modulates Cochlear Function

Perilymph Osmolality Modulates Cochlear Function

Could Mannitol-Induced Delay of Anoxic Depolarization be Relevant in Stroke Patients?

Advances in the Preclinical Study of Ischemic Stroke

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