Comparative effects of nadolol-digoxin combination therapy and digoxin monotherapy for chronic atrial fibrillation

Chronic atrial fibrillation: a systematic review of medical heart rate control management

“…Significant side effects were reported with three out of 28 participants developing heart failure during timolol loading. Digoxin and nadolol combination treatment resulted in better ventricular rate control at rest,32 exercise32 42 and over 24 h32 42 compared with digoxin. Exercise tolerance worsened in one study32 and remained unchanged in the other 42.…”

“…Digoxin and nadolol combination treatment resulted in better ventricular rate control at rest,32 exercise32 42 and over 24 h32 42 compared with digoxin. Exercise tolerance worsened in one study32 and remained unchanged in the other 42. Sotalol alone was shown to improve resting and exercise HR, as well as exercise tolerance, compared with no treatment in one study of patients with atrial fibrillation and documented ventricular arrhythmias 29.…”

“…However, the effect of this combination on exercise tolerance is inconsistent, with some studies reporting deterioration in exercise capacity,31–33 35 41 some improvement26 36 39 and most no change 22 24 27 28 31 34 37 40 42 44…”

Advances in the Management of Atrial Fibrillation with a Special Focus on Non-Pharmacological Approaches to Prevent Thromboembolism: A Review of Current Recommendations

“…Both non-dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists (diltiazem and verapamil) and some beta-blockers have been shown to be superior to digoxin, but addition of digoxin to an agent from either class may confer additional benefit over either drug alone particularly in the acute setting 12. Findings have been inconsistent regarding the efficacy of digoxin, an ATPase inhibitor, compared with placebo 13-26…”

“…12 Findings have been inconsistent regarding the efficacy of digoxin, an ATPase inhibitor, compared with placebo. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]…”