Comparative Efficacies of Collagen-Based 3D Printed PCL/PLGA/β-TCP Composite Block Bone Grafts and Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Bone Substitute for Bone Regeneration

Hwang, Kyoung-Sub; Choi, Jae-Won; Kim, Jae‐Hun; Chung, Ho Yun; Jin, Songwan; Shim, Jin‐Hyung; Wu, Yun; Jeong, Chang-Mo; Huh, Jung-Bo

doi:10.3390/ma10040421

Cited by 51 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, in only one specimen of PCL/β‐TCP with membrane group at 8 weeks, direct bone contact was observed between mature bone and the scaffold [Figure (B)]. This inconsistency was also observed in the previous study using PCL scaffolds, showing high standard deviation regarding bone formation . Because the research on PCL is still lacking, especially regarding characteristics such as optimal porosity and hydrophilicity for new bone growth; this material seems to still have such limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

3D‐printed polycaprolactone scaffold mixed with β‐tricalcium phosphate as a bone regenerative material in rabbit calvarial defects

et al. 2018

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Defect-specific bone regeneration using 3-dimensional (3D) printing of block bone has been developed. Polycaprolactone (PCL) is biocompatible polymer that can be used as 3D scaffold. The aim of this study is to assess the biocompatibility and osteogenic efficacy of 3D printed PCL scaffold and to evaluate the effectiveness of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) addition in PCL scaffold. In this work, four circular defects (diameter: 8 mm) in rabbit calvarium were randomly assigned to (1) negative control (control), (2) PCL block (PCL), (3) PCL mixed with 10 wt% β-TCP (PCL/β-TCP), and (4) PCL/β-TCP plus collagen membrane (PCL/β-TCP + M). Animals were euthanized at 2 (n = 5) and 8 weeks (n = 5). Results indicated that in micro-CT, PCL/β-TCP + M showed the highest total augmented volume and new bone volume at 8 weeks, but there was no significant difference among four groups. Histomorphometrically, PCL, PCL/β-TCP, and PCL/β-TCP + M showed the significantly higher total augmented area compared to the control. PCL/β-TCP + M showed the highest new bone area but not statistically higher than the control. New bone formation deep inside the scaffold was observed only in β-TCP added scaffold. PCL showed high biocompatibility with great volume maintenance. Addition of β-TCP to PCL seemed to increase hydrophilicity and osteoconductivity. Developments in 3D-printed PCL material are expected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

3D‐printed polycaprolactone scaffold mixed with β‐tricalcium phosphate as a bone regenerative material in rabbit calvarial defects

et al. 2018

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“…HA/TCP is a suitable ceramic material for manufacturing bone-grafting materials using 3D printing. It is known to exhibit excellent biocompatibility, biodegradation, osteoconductivity, and osteoinductivity [ 44 , 45 ]. In addition, the osteoinduction property depends on the surface chemistry and charge of calcium phosphate ceramics, which can influence protein adsorption and, in turn, promote cell differentiation through cell–extracellular matrix interactions [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Regeneration Capability of 3D Printed Ceramic Scaffolds

Kim

Yang

Hong

et al. 2020

IJMS

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In this study, we evaluated the bone regenerative capability of a customizable hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) scaffold using a digital light processing (DLP)-type 3D printing system. Twelve healthy adult male beagle dogs were the study subjects. A total of 48 defects were created, with two defects on each side of the mandible in all the dogs. The defect sites in the negative control group (sixteen defects) were left untreated (the NS group), whereas those in the positive control group (sixteen defects) were filled with a particle-type substitute (the PS group). The defect sites in the experimental groups (sixteen defects) were filled with a 3D printed substitute (the 3DS group). Six dogs each were exterminated after healing periods of 4 and 8 weeks. Radiological and histomorphometrical evaluations were then performed. None of the groups showed any specific problems. In radiological evaluation, there was a significant difference in the amount of new bone formation after 4 weeks (p < 0.05) between the PS and 3DS groups. For both of the evaluations, the difference in the total amount of bone after 8 weeks was statistically significant (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in new bone between the PS and 3DS groups in both evaluations after 8 weeks (p > 0.05). The proposed HA/TCP scaffold without polymers, obtained using the DLP-type 3D printing system, can be applied for bone regeneration. The 3D printing of a HA/TCP scaffold without polymers can be used for fabricating customized bone grafting substitutes.

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“…Polymers also have lower bone-conduction abilities than those of the calcium-phosphate-based materials [17]. Hydroxyapatite (HA)/tricalcium phosphate (TCP) has excellent biocompatibility, biodegradation, osteoconductivity, and osteoinductivity [18][19][20][21]. Therefore, HA/TCP is considered a suitable ceramic material for manufacturing bone grafts using 3D printing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-Printed Ceramic Bone Scaffolds with Variable Pore Architectures

Lim

Hong

Byeon

et al. 2020

IJMS

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This study evaluated the mechanical properties and bone regeneration ability of 3D-printed pure hydroxyapatite (HA)/tricalcium phosphate (TCP) pure ceramic scaffolds with variable pore architectures. A digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer was used to construct block-type scaffolds containing only HA and TCP after the polymer binder was completely removed by heat treatment. The compressive strength and porosity of the blocks with various structures were measured; scaffolds with different pore sizes were implanted in rabbit calvarial models. The animals were observed for eight weeks, and six animals were euthanized in the fourth and eighth weeks. Then, the specimens were evaluated using radiological and histological analyses. Larger scaffold pore sizes resulted in enhanced bone formation after four weeks (p < 0.05). However, in the eighth week, a correlation between pore size and bone formation was not observed (p > 0.05). The findings showed that various pore architectures of HA/TCP scaffolds can be achieved using DLP 3D printing, which can be a valuable tool for optimizing bone-scaffold properties for specific clinical treatments. As the pore size only influenced bone regeneration in the initial stage, further studies are required for pore-size optimization to balance the initial bone regeneration and mechanical strength of the scaffold.

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Comparative Efficacies of Collagen-Based 3D Printed PCL/PLGA/β-TCP Composite Block Bone Grafts and Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Bone Substitute for Bone Regeneration

Cited by 51 publications

References 31 publications

3D‐printed polycaprolactone scaffold mixed with β‐tricalcium phosphate as a bone regenerative material in rabbit calvarial defects

3D‐printed polycaprolactone scaffold mixed with β‐tricalcium phosphate as a bone regenerative material in rabbit calvarial defects

Bone Regeneration Capability of 3D Printed Ceramic Scaffolds

3D-Printed Ceramic Bone Scaffolds with Variable Pore Architectures

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