Comparative efficacy of bio-selenium nanoparticles and sodium selenite on morpho-physiochemical attributes under normal and salt stress conditions, besides selenium detoxification pathways in Brassica napus L.

Abstract

Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have attracted considerable attention globally due to their significant potential for alleviating abiotic stresses in plants. Accordingly, further research has been conducted to develop nanoparticles using chemical ways. However, our knowledge about the potential benefit or phytotoxicity of bioSeNPs in rapeseed is still unclear. Herein, we investigated the effect of bioSeNPs on growth and physiochemical attributes, and selenium detoxification pathways compared to sodium selenite (Se (IV)) during the early seedling stage under normal and salt stress conditions. Our findings showed that the range between optimal and toxic levels of bioSeNPs was wider than Se (IV), which increased the plant’s ability to reduce salinity-induced oxidative stress. BioSeNPs improved the phenotypic characteristics of rapeseed seedlings without the sign of toxicity, markedly elevated germination, growth, photosynthetic efficiency and osmolyte accumulation versus Se (IV) under normal and salt stress conditions. In addition to modulation of Na+ and K+ uptake, bioSeNPs minimized the ROS level and MDA content by activating the antioxidant enzymes engaged in ROS detoxification by regulating these enzyme-related genes expression patterns. Importantly, the main effect of bioSeNPs and Se (IV) on plant growth appeared to be correlated with the change in the expression levels of Se-related genes. Our qRT-PCR results revealed that the genes involved in Se detoxification in root tissue were upregulated upon Se (IV) treated seedlings compared to NPs, indicating that bioSeNPs have a slightly toxic effect under higher concentrations. Furthermore, bioSeNPs might improve lateral root production by increasing the expression level of LBD16. Taken together, transamination and selenation were more functional methods of Se detoxification and proposed different degradation pathways that synthesized malformed or deformed selenoproteins, which provided essential mechanisms to increase Se tolerance at higher concentrations in rapeseed seedlings. Current findings could add more knowledge regarding the mechanisms underlying bioSeNPs induced plant growth. Graphical Abstract

Selenium seed priming enhanced the growth of salt-stressed Brassica rapa L. through improving plant nutrition and the antioxidant system

“…Equally, Rossatto et al (2017) reported that reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) revealed higher expression levels of CAT, APX, and SOD, which detoxified ROS in rice plants to alleviate NaCl toxicity. Moreover, the data of the present research regarding the modulation of the expression levels of POD, CAT, APX, and SOD are in agreement with the findings of El-Badri et al (2022b). They reported that modulations in the transcript levels of these antioxidant genes enhanced the activity of the respective antioxidant enzymes to induce salt tolerance by scavenging ROS in B. napus plants.…”

A Recent Update on the Impact of Nano-Selenium on Plant Growth, Metabolism, and Stress Tolerance

“…The Sclerospora graminicola biosynthesized Se-NPs inhibit vegetative growth, sporulation, spore viability, and proliferation [ 36 ]. El Badri et al [ 37 ] synthesized biogenic Se-NPs (bio Se-NPs) with sizes ranging from 120 to 260 nm, with a mean size of 167 nm. Six species of Trichoderma were examined for their ability to produce Se-NPs, including T. asperellum , T. harzianum , T. atroviride , T. virens , T. longibrachiatum , and T. brevicompactum .…”

Phytomediated Selenium Nanoparticles Improved Physio-morphological, Antioxidant, and Oil Bioactive Compounds of Sesame under Induced Biotic Stress

“…Se salt (sodium selenite, 5 mg/L treatment) resulted in 92% increase in the TS-5 variety compared to untreated sesame plants. 24 Badri et. al found that bio-synthesized SeNPs and sodium selenite had opposite effects on B. napus under normal and stress conditions.…”

“…The highest proline accumulation of 111.1% was observed in the TS-5 variety followed by TH-6 (92.6%) and Til-18 (89.2%), as shown in Figure . Se salt (sodium selenite, 5 mg/L treatment) resulted in 92% increase in the TS-5 variety compared to untreated sesame plants . Badri et.…”

“…Minimal and non-significant variations were found in different concentrations of SeNPs, aspergillus and Se salt ( Figure 4 ). Prior to this, 24 discovered that foliar spraying Se NPs at 5 mg/L leads in an increase of leaf number in Brassica napus . When the current research study and the prior study were compared, a substantial difference was found.…”