Comparative efficacy of captopril and allylmercaptocaptopril in the maintenance of oxidative-antioxidative equilibrium and attenuation of selenite-induced cataract in rats

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to investigate the comparative efficacy of captopril (CP) and allylmercaptocaptopril (AMC) supplementation following selenite exposure with respect to oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium and prevents cataract formation in rat pups. Forty Wistar-albino rat pups were equally divided into 4 groups. In Group I; only subcutaneous (s.c) saline was injected. In Group II; single dose of sodium selenite (19 µM/kg body weight, s.c) was injected on postpartum day 10. One day before the selenite challenge, the pups in Group III and IV were injected intraperitoneally a single dose of 50 mg/kg of CP and AMC respectively and repeated once daily thereafter up to 21 st day. The development of cataract was assessed weekly. The density of cataract was graded by slit-lamp biomicroscopy. On day 21, the blood was collected and lenses were removed. Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidative stress index (OSI) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were determined in the lenses of the rat pups. Serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity was determined. All of the lenses of rat pups in Group I remained clean. All rat pups developed dense nuclear opacity in Group II. Three out of 10 rat pups developed slight nuclear opacity in Group III while only one rat pup out of 10 in Group IV had vacuolization but not opacity. Differences among the groups were statistically significant (p<0.01). Group II lenses had higher mean OSI and MDA level than those of Group III and IV (p<0.01). Group II lenses had lower mean TAC level and serum PON1 activity than those of Group III and IV (p<0.01). A negative correlation was found between serum PON1 activity and lens MDA level (r = -0.6861; P<0.001). CP and AMC both diminished the incidence of cataract due to its protection of the antioxidant defense system but AMC was found to be more effective than CP.

The protective effect of pomegranate peel aqueous extract on selenite‐induced cataract in rats

“…As an indicator of lipid peroxidation, the level of MDA, was higher in the Se group than in the control groups (p < .05), which is in line with the selenite mechanism in cataract formation mentioned above. The results of this study corroborate earlier studies which reported higher MDA levels in lens tissues of selenite-induced cataract subjects (Lakshmi & Sharma, 2010;Yang et al, 2013). Additionally, in our study, MDA content was significantly lower in the Se + P group than in the Se group (p < .05), suggesting that administration of pomegranate peel extract possibly inhibited the disruption of lenticular membrane lipids by scavenging the highly reactive hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals.…”

“…However, preventive administration of PPE with antioxidant activity (Guo et al, 2003) did delay the occurrence of fully developed cataract. In line with this research, other studies have reported a delay in the occurrence of selenite-induced fully developed cataracts using compounds with antioxidant activity such as α-glucosyl hesperidin (Nakazawa et al, 2020), rosmarinic acid (Tsai et al, 2019), caffeic acid phenethyl ester (Doganay et al, 2002), captopril and allylmercaptocaptopril (Lakshmi & Sharma, 2010), apricots (Doganay et al, 2013), and melatonin as an endogenous antioxidant (Yağci et al, 2006). As shown in Table 1, increased SOD, CAT, and GPx activity and reduced GSH levels were observed in the lens tissues of the Se group compared to the control group, which was consistent with the results of Shearer et al (1997).…”