Comparative efficacy of different approaches to managing Meloidogyne incognita on green bean

Abstract

A greenhouse study was conducted to compare the relative efficacy of different approaches to managing on green bean. These approaches included chemical (fumigant, non-fumigant, seed dressing, and seed dip), biological (the egg-parasitic fungus, and the mycorrhizal fungus sp.), physical (soil solarization), and cultural (chicken litter and urea) methods. Accordingly, nine different control materials and application methods plus nematode-infected and non-infected controls were compared. Two important parameters were considered: plant response (plant growth and root galling) and nematode reproduction (production of eggs and the reproduction factor Rf). The results showed that the use of chicken litter as an organic fertilizer severely affected the growth and survival of the plants. Therefore, this treatment was removed from the evaluation test. All of the other eight treatments were found to be effective against nematode reproduction, but with different levels of efficacy. The eight treatments decreased (38.9-99.8%) root galling, increased plant growth and suppressed nematode reproduction. Based on three important criteria, namely, gall index (GI), egg mass index (EMI), and nematode reproduction factor (RF), the tested materials and methods were categorized into three groups according to their relative control efficacy under the applied test conditions. The three groups were as follows: (1) the relatively high effective group (GI = 1.0-1.4, Rf = 0.07-0.01), which included the fumigant dazomet, the non-fumigant fenamiphos, soil solarization, and seed dip with fenamiphos; (2) the relatively moderate effective group (GI = 3.4-4.0, Rf = 0.24-0.60), which included seed dressing with fenamiphos and urea; and (3) the relatively less effective group (GI = 5.0, Rf = 32.2-37.2), which included and sp.

Paecilomyces and Its Importance in the Biological Control of Agricultural Pests and Diseases

“…Nematode control effectiveness using Paecilomyces depends on the crop itself, as it affects fungal activity in many cases [ 163 ]. Thus, the use of an antagonist in combination with organic substances increases parasitism by Paecilomyces in both eggs and larvae of nematodes [ 164 ].…”

Identification and Characterization of Nematicidal Volatile Organic Compounds from Deep-Sea Virgibacillus dokdonensis MCCC 1A00493

“…Meloidogyne spp. are also difficult to control with a single control method [11]. Several management strategies, including crop rotations, developing and planting resistant varieties, use of chemical nematicides, and biological and physical control measures, can be applied to control RKNs [12][13][14].…”

Integrated management of plant-parasitic nematodes on guava and fig trees under tropical field conditions

“…P. lilacinum, T. harzianum, and V. clamydosporium, as fungal parasites of nematode eggs and adults (Rao 2007) as well as P. penetrans as a bacterial parasite (Chen et al 1996) were previously reported among the most potent measures used in this subject. In addition, urea and nitrogenous fertilizers are considered to be good nematicides when applied at levels as low as 300-400 mg/kg soil (Rodriguez-Kabana 1986;Alam 1992;Al-Hazmi and Dawabah 2014;Al-Hazmi et al 2017). Likewise, many previous studies have shown that organic and inorganic nitrogen amendments had a nematicidal effect against plant-parasitic nematodes (Rodriguez-Kabana 1986;Akhtar and Malik 2000;Oka 2010).…”