Comparative efficacy of moxidectin 2% equine oral gel and ivermectin 2% equine oral paste against Onchocerca cervicalis (Railliet and Henry, 1910) microfilariae in horses with naturally acquired infections in Formosa (Argentina)

Mancebo, Orlando Antonio; Verdi, J. H.; Bulman, G. M.

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00136-2

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…A similar effect was reported for Wuchereria bancrofti [8]. Therefore, it seems that the main target of ivermectin is reproduction of filarial worms, as the drug impairs embryogenesis and decrease microfilaremia [4,7,16]. …”

supporting

confidence: 52%

Successful Treatment of Brugia pahangi in Naturally Infected Cats with Ivermectin

Taweethavonsawat

Chungpivat

2013

Korean J Parasitol

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Lymphatic filariasis is a common parasitic disease of cats in tropical regions including Thailand. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of ivermectin against microfilariae of Brugia pahangi in naturally infected cats. Eight cats naturally infected with B. pahangi were divided into control (untreated) and treated groups. Cats in the latter group were given ivermectin injection at 400 µg/kg weekly for 2 months. Microfilariae were counted every week until 48 weeks. Microfilaremia was significantly decreased in the treated group 4 weeks after starting the treatment and become zero at week 9 and afterwards. On the other hand, cats in the control group had high microfilaremia throughout the study. It was successful to treat and control B. pahangi infection in naturally infected cats using ivermectin.

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supporting

confidence: 52%

Successful Treatment of Brugia pahangi in Naturally Infected Cats with Ivermectin

Taweethavonsawat

Chungpivat

2013

Korean J Parasitol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They had always lived on the same farm since their birth and there were no movements throughout the country except for their transportation to the VTH. Onchocerca infection in horses is considered rare when macrocyclic lactones are used regularly ( 15 ), since treatments with ivermectin ( 16 , 17 ), moxidectin ( 18 , 19 ) or doramectin ( 9 ) are effective in killing microfilariae (but not against adult worms located in the nuchal ligament). However, since our four jennies were milk-producing animals, no treatment for ectoparasite or endoparasite control had never been performed at the donkey farm in order to prevent the risk of contamination with drug residues in milk intended for human consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidental Detection of Onchocerca Microfilariae in Donkeys (Equus asinus) in Italy: Report of Four Cases

2020

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This paper reports the occurrence for the first time in Italy of autochthonous Onchocerca infection in donkeys. Four jennies, bred on the same farm, were referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Pisa for a checkup on ovarian activity (n = 3) or for veterinary support during the delivery (n = 1). Microfilariae were incidentally detected during the blood smear examination of one jenny. Peripheral blood samples were then collected from the other three jennies and the presence of microfilariae was investigated by Knott's test. Circulating unsheathed microfilariae were identified in all the animals. The level of microfilaraemia was between 1 and 31 microfilariae in 2 mL of blood. Hematological changes showed moderate eosinophilia in one case or both remarkable eosinophilia and basophilia in another case. Based on molecular findings by PCR and sequencing, the microfilariae showed 98% sequence similarity with Onchocerca sp. in the NCBI GenBank database (Accession No.: MK541848.1). The present report provides evidence that Onchocerca is an etiological agent of parasitic infection in donkeys in Italy. Our findings highlight the importance of screening in donkeys for Onchocerca even in the absence of clinical indications.

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“…For this study, moxidectin was chosen because it has a significantly longer plasma half‐life (17 days) than ivermectin (2.3 days) or doramectin (3 days) 22 . Detailed information about the pharmacokinetics of moxidectin in equine skin is lacking, and higher concentrations of moxidectin were found in the skin than in plasma 23,24 . However, it is unclear how much moxidectin effectively reaches the surface of the equine skin (corneocytes, sebum and exudate on inflamed skin) where the Chorioptes mites live and feed and if this amount is lethal for the mites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 Detailed information about the pharmacokinetics of moxidectin in equine skin is lacking, and higher concentrations of moxidectin were found in the skin than in plasma. 23,24 However, it is unclear how much moxidectin effectively reaches the surface of the equine skin (corneocytes, sebum and exudate on inflamed skin) where the Chorioptes mites live and feed and if this amount is lethal for the mites. In contrast, moxidectin administered by subcutaneous injection has a high bioavailabilty in bovine hair, which is thought to arise from its high distribution in sebum, which covers the skin surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined moxidectin and environmental therapy do not eliminate Chorioptes bovis infestation in heavily feathered horses

Rüfenacht¹,

Roosje²,

Sager³

et al. 2011

Veterinary Dermatology

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Chorioptes bovis infestation is a common cause of pastern dermatitis in the horse, with a predilection in draft horses and other horses with thick hair 'feathers' on the distal limbs. The treatment of this superficial mite is challenging; treatment failure and relapse are common. Furthermore, C. bovis infestation may affect the progression of chronic pastern dermatitis (also known as chronic proliferative pastern dermatitis, chronic progressive lymphoedema and dermatitis verrucosa) in draft horses, manifesting with oedema, lichenification and excessive skin folds that can progress to verruciform lesions. An effective cure for C. bovis infestation would therefore be of great clinical value. In a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the efficacy of oral moxidectin (0.4 mg/kg body weight) given twice with a 3 week interval in combination with environmental treatment with 4-chloro-3-methylphenol and propoxur was tested in 19 heavily feathered horses with clinical pastern dermatitis and C. bovis infestation. Follow-up examinations over a period of 180 days revealed significantly more skin crusting in the placebo group than in the treatment group. However, no other differences in clinical signs or the numbers of mites detected were found between the two groups. The results of this study suggest that moxidectin in combination with environmental insecticide treatment as used in this study is ineffective in the treatment of C. bovis in feathered horses.

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Comparative efficacy of moxidectin 2% equine oral gel and ivermectin 2% equine oral paste against Onchocerca cervicalis (Railliet and Henry, 1910) microfilariae in horses with naturally acquired infections in Formosa (Argentina)

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

Successful Treatment of Brugia pahangi in Naturally Infected Cats with Ivermectin

Successful Treatment of Brugia pahangi in Naturally Infected Cats with Ivermectin

Incidental Detection of Onchocerca Microfilariae in Donkeys (Equus asinus) in Italy: Report of Four Cases

Combined moxidectin and environmental therapy do not eliminate Chorioptes bovis infestation in heavily feathered horses

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