Comparative efficacy of treatments for pediculosis capitis infestations

Meinking, Terri L.; Taplin, David; Kalter, Debra Chester; Eberle, Mark W.

doi:10.1001/archderm.122.3.267

Cited by 45 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…Asimilar model using freshly collected head lice has previously been described and could represent an alternative approach. 16 The repeated use of one pediculicide on a louse population is likely to select resistant lice.Zo'21 P humanus capitis resistance has already been reported. Reports of resistance to DDT and lindane led to the introduction of carbaryl, malathion, pyrethrins, and synthetic pyrethr~ids.~~J~,*Z Resistance to these new insecticides has also been reported but remains ane~dotal.l~-~~ We found malathion and d-phenothrin to be equipotent in an experimental model of P humanus bred on rabbits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled study of malathion and d-phenothrin lotions for Pediculus humanus var capitis-infested schoolchildren

et al. 1994

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SummaryAnecdotal reports have suggested that reduced efficacy of pediculicides against Pediculus humanus capitis could be related to resistance to treatments.Ovicidal and pediculicidal activities of 0.5% malathion and 0.3% d-phenothrin lotions 'were tested in an experimental model of P humanus capitis grown on rabbits to ensure that the two treatments were pharmacologically equipotent. We then did a randomised controlled trial in which the lotions were administered to 193 P humanus capitisinfested schoolchildren (malathion, 95; d-phenothrin, 98). Success rate was defined as the absence of both live lice and viable nits. Before treatment, live lice were collected and subjected to a pediculicidal test. Pharmacological tests showed 100% killing of the rabbit-grown nits and lice after exposure to both pediculicides. On day 1 of the controlled trial, the success rate was 92% in the malathion group (95% CI, 0-86-0.97) and 40% in the d-phenothrin group (0.30-0.49) (pc0.0001); on day 7, it was 95% in the malathion group These results suggest an acquired resistance to d-phenothrin in the schoolchildren tested, since all other conditions of the administration of insecticides were standardised.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled study of malathion and d-phenothrin lotions for Pediculus humanus var capitis-infested schoolchildren

et al. 1994

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“…Exposure to carcinogens plays an etiological role in the initiation of breast cancer. Organophosphorous compounds are of great interest because of the extensive use in agriculture, medicine and industry (8)(9)(10)(11). Such compounds are the most widely used pesticides by virtue of their biodegradable nature and short persistence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell adhesion proteins altered by 17β estradiol and parathion in breast epithelial cells

Calaf¹,

Roy²

2008

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. The association between breast cancer initiation and prolonged exposure to estrogen suggests that this hormone may also have an etiologic role in such a process. On the other hand, many studies have found an association between human cancer and exposure to agricultural pesticides such as parathion, an organophosphorous pesticide used in agriculture to control mosquito plagues. However, the key factors behind the initiation of breast cancer remain to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of 17ß estradiol (estrogen) and parathion on protein expression in cell transformation of human breast epithelial cells in vitro. Estrogen and parathion alone and in combination induced malignant transformation of an immortalized human breast epithelial cell line, MCF-I0F, as indicated by anchorage independency and invasive capabilities. The results indicate that a combination of estrogen and parathion increased the expression of related cell adhesion proteins such as Dvl, Notch, CD146 and ß catenin. In conclusion, it can be suggested that pesticides affect human breast cell adhesion changes indicative of transformation.

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“…Our finding that 69% of students failed to respond to pediculicide-containing pyrethrin further suggests that lice are resistant to these pediculicide shampoos. The extensive use of pediculicides with a neurotoxic mode of action has led to the development and spread of resistant head lice populations worldwide [12][13][14]. In addition, the failure of current chemical treatments to kill lice embryos in eggs, the environmental and food safety concerns posed by these treatments, and their potential toxicity to users necessitate the development of safe alternative treatment methods that can effectively kill adult lice and eggs via new modes of action [15,16], Other causes for the development of resistance to existing pediculicides include the persistence of pediculicide residue on hair, exposure of lice to sub-therapeutic concentrations, and inadequate concentration levels [5,6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lindane Shampoo for Head Lice Treatment among Female Secondary School Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: An Interventional Study

Abdullah¹,

Kaki²

2017

J Infect Dis Preve Med

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Comparative efficacy of treatments for pediculosis capitis infestations

Cited by 45 publications

References 0 publications

Controlled study of malathion and d-phenothrin lotions for Pediculus humanus var capitis-infested schoolchildren

Controlled study of malathion and d-phenothrin lotions for Pediculus humanus var capitis-infested schoolchildren

Cell adhesion proteins altered by 17β estradiol and parathion in breast epithelial cells

Lindane Shampoo for Head Lice Treatment among Female Secondary School Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: An Interventional Study

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