The conductivity of poly(N-vinylimidazole) (PVIM) and its fluoroborate salt (PVIM-HBF 4 ) are reported here. N-vinylimidazole is polymerized by free radical method and PVIM-HBF 4 is prepared by acidification of PVIM with HBF 4 . The polyelectrolyte so formed has been characterized by infrared, hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetric analyzer, and differential scanning calorimetry. Frequency and temperature dependence of AC conductivity has been studied to learn about the electrical conduction behavior in the materials. The electrical conductivity of the new material is found to be in the range of 10 −5 to 10 −6 S cm −1 .There is about 10 2 -to 10 3 -fold increase in conductivity of the polyelectrolyte. The material is shown to be a predominantly ionic conductor with t ion ≈0.88. Apparent activation energies are found to be 0.397 and 0.250 eV for the polymer and the polyelectrolyte, respectively.