Comparative Environmental Evaluation of JP-8 and Diesel Fuels Burned in Direct Injection (DI) or Indirect Injection (IDI) Diesel Engines and in a Laboratory Furnace

Abstract

In recent years, NATO and U.S. military forces have decided to implement a single fuel (JP-8) for all land-based military aircraft, vehicles, and equipment during war and peace times. This is referred to as the single fuel forward concept. However, possible environmental pollution problems have been identified in the process of implementing this single fuel concept. This work presents data on the operational and, especially, environmental evaluation of the JP-8 fuel that is burned in diesel engines and furnaces. The investigation is conducted in a comparative manner between the JP-8 fuel and the proverbial Diesel Oil No. 2, which is being substituted. The two fuels were burned under identical conditions in disparate types of combustors, including direct injection (DI) and indirect injection (IDI) diesel engines as well as a laminar-flow muffle furnace. The primary goal was to contrast the emissions of the two fuels, because JP-8 is a substitute for diesel oil in military applications, such as engines of ground vehicles and power generators, as well as other burners. Regulated emissions of CO, particulate matter (soot), oxides of nitrogen, and total unburned hydrocarbons have been examined. In the case of the combustion of the two fuels in the furnace, unregulated organic compounds have also been monitored. Moreover, the operational behaviors of the two fuels in the engines have been discussed. Results demonstrated that, for both fuels, the magnitude of the emissions, as well as the trends with operating conditions, were influenced by the type of combustor. However, the emissions from the two fuels, when burned in the same combustor, were comparable overall, both qualitatively and quantitatively.

An investigation of effect of biodiesel and aviation fuel jeta-1 mixtures performance and emissions on diesel engine

“…This is also as a result of the ease of the injection and evaporation characteristics of the JetA-1 fuel. In addition to this, as JetA-1 fuel contains cetane, the combustion efficiency and engine torque can be improved [17]. The higher viscosity of biodiesel, which may affect the engine torque and engine brake's effective power, especially in full-load conditions, increases the mixture momentum, and consequently, penetration depth in the cylinder.…”

Nonlinear control of an autothermal fuel reforming system

“…From (14), it is clear that y d (t),ẏ d (t) ∈ L ∞ . Remark 1: To smooth the current demand, we utilize the following ramp function (In this remark, x and y denote the input and the output of the function, respectively)…”

“…46th IEEE CDC, New Orleans, USA, Dec. [12][13][14]2007 FrA03.1 where (16) was utilized and N 2 (t) ∈ R is defined as follow…”

“…Standard signal chasing can be performed to show all closed-loop signals remain 46th IEEE CDC, New Orleans, USA, Dec. [12][13][14]2007 FrA03.1…”

Amplification of Antipollution Action of JP8 using a Bioorganic Compound

“…Although, initially, it was used as an aviation fuel, its applications have been expanded to include ground vehicles as well as all types of diesel engine-powered systems and furnaces [4]. This is because both the U.S. and the NATO military forces have decided to simplify their fuel transport and distribution operations through the use of a single fuel [1].…”