Comparative evaluation of chemiluminescent immunoassay and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays for the diagnosis of West Nile virus infections

Abstract

In August 2020, anew West Nile virus (WNV) outbreak affected 71 people with meningoencephalitis in Andalusia (Spain). Samples from these individuals were received in our laboratory, a regional Virus Referral Centre. The aim of this study was to compare the agreement, sensitivity and specificity of findings between the WNV VIRCLIA IgG and IgM assay (Vircell, Spain) and the WNV ELISA IgM and IgG assay (Euroimmun, Germany) and to compare the performance of WNV VIRCLIA IgM and Euroimmun ELISA for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diagnosis. The study included 24 CSF samples (paired with serum samples) and 247 serum samples from 217 patients with suspected WNV infection (1 or 2 per patient). The agreement between ELISA and CLIA tests for IgM and Ig G detection in serum was 93% (kappa index = 0.85) and 96% (kappa index = 0.89) respectively. Sensitivity values of ELISA and CLIA tests for IgM in serum samples were 96.7% and 98.9%, respectively, and specificity values were 96.4% and 95.4% respectively. Sensitivity values of ELISA and CLIA test for IgG in serum samples were 91.1% and 97%, respectively, and specificity values were 100% and 98.8% respectively. Results obtained with ELISA and CLIA tests in CSF samples showed 75% agreement between them (kappa index = 0.51). According to these findings, the WNV VIRCLIA IgM and IgG monotest offers an accurate qualitative detection of WNV in serum and CSF specimens.

Seroprevalence of West Nile Virus among Equids in Bulgaria in 2022 and Assessment of Some Risk Factors

“…A specificity of 95% was calculated by Beck et al [17]; excellent sensitivity and specificity values of cELISA were also reported in [34]. Gómez-Vicente et al [35] even found 100% specificity for IgG-ELISA when comparing its diagnostic capabilities against chemiluminiscent immunoassay in human serum samples. The differences between the two assays are probably due to cross-reactivity with other unstudied flaviviruses in Bulgaria or due to the high sensitivity of ELISA in the detection of antibodies against glycoprotein E in the early stages of infection, which are non-neutralizing.…”

Scrub Typhus Diagnostics: The Present and the Future

“…The primary advantage of CLIA is its wide dynamic range, which may aid in setting appropriate test cut-offs [111]. Currently, CLIA has been found to be very useful for laboratory diagnosis of HIV, hepatitis B [112], adenovirus [113], HCV, syphilis [114], T. gondii [115], Varicella Zoster [116], and West Nile virus [117].…”

Trends in ELISA-Based Flavivirus IgG Serosurveys: A Systematic Review

“…However, its reported cross-reactivity with DENV is as high as 95% and ranges from 30.0-57.1% for other flaviviruses such as JEV, YFV, and the St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) [73]. The Euroimmun kit, on the other hand, has a reported sensitivity of 91.1% and a specificity of 100.0% according to one study that used patient samples [74]. It is also reported to have low cross-reactivity to other flaviviruses [75].…”