Comparative evaluation of milk proteins and oil‐seed‐cake‐derived proteins extracted by chemical and biological methods for obesity management

Abstract

BackgroundIn light of the exponential rise in global population, there is a critical requirement to reduce food waste on a global scale. According to the studies, agricultural wastes like oil‐seed cakes offer great nutritional value. Acid precipitation (A) and alkaline extraction methods (traditional methods) were used to extract protein from oil‐seed cakes, however both procedures are linked to decreased protein quality and quantity, which prompted the development of a novel strategy known as the biological/microbial/probiotic (B) method. Therefore, the present study aimed to highlight the optimal way of protein extraction from oil‐seed cakes and the effect of extraction methods on protein efficacy against obesity. The outcomes were also compared with milk proteins.ResultsIn‐vitro study provided evidences that proteins from both the sources (plant and milk) suppressed adipogenesis and stimulated adipolysis in 3T3L‐1 cells. For in‐vivo study, mice were fed with different protein extracts soya protein (SPP), ground protein (GPP), whey protein (WP) and casein protein (CP)) containing 40% of their calories as fat. Body weight decreased significantly in all the rats except CP fed rats. BMI, atherogenic index, plasma TG and VLDL‐C level decreased significantly in all the groups in comparison to model group (HFD group), but the decrease was more pronounced in plant proteins than milk proteins. In hepatocytes, the expression of FIAF, CPT1 and PPAR‐α genes was increased significantly in SPP fed groups. Adiponectin gene expression was up regulated significantly in visceral fat tissue in groups fed SPP‐B, GPP‐A and CP, whereas leptin gene was down regulated significantly in all the groups except SPP‐A.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that SPP‐B has shown the most effective anti‐obesity property followed by WP. Additionally, we found that biological precipitation approach produced better outcomes for plant proteins isolated from oil‐seed cakes than the acid precipitation method.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.